The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of bovine par atuberculosis occurrence in indigenous and exotic cattle breeds in Wakiso and Masaka districts, Uganda. A cross-sectional survey was carried in these districts with a well-established small-holder commercial dairy system supplying livestock products to major urban centers. Questionnaires were administered to farmers prior to blood sampling. Results revealed farmers operated open herds and were acquiring replacement stock from fellow farmers, cattle traders or donations. Most cattle in Wakiso were zero-grazed with a few grazed on pastures; communally, in paddocks or tethered. In contrast most cattle in Masaka were fed on pastures as opposed to zero grazing. Of 436 adult cattle sero-tested in Wakiso, par atuberculosis was highest in indigenous cattle (15%), was 8.3% in cross-breeds and 5.8% in exotic breeds. Individual cow prevalence in Wakiso was 7.8% whilst herd prevalence was 36.23%. Screening of 384 adult cattle in Masaka revealed prevalence of par atuberculosis of 3.26, 4.48 and 4.9% in the indigenous breeds, exotic dairy and cross breeds, respectively, with individual cow prevalence of 3.91% and herd prevalence of 24.44%. The prevalence of par atuberculosis was significantly higher in Wakiso compared to Masaka (p<0.05, χ² = 5.5043). The factors associated with increased risk of herd infection included; “where adult cattle were housed”, “adult cattle fed on pasture”, “calves allowed to suckle their mothers” and “calves not separated from their mothers”. This study confirms the presense of par atuberculosis in Ugandan cattle and shows that farmers are unaware of its occurrence or prevention.