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Abstract
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Article Information:
The Physical and Chemical Condition of Sombreiro River, Niger Delta, Nigeria
E.N. Ezekiel, A.I. Hart and J.F.N. Abowei
Corresponding Author: Abowei Jasper
Submitted: 2011 January, 05
Accepted: 2011 February, 07
Published: 2011 June, 05 |
Abstract:
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The physical and chemical condition of Sombreiro River in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria was
studied for a period of two years (August, 2007-July, 2009). The mean temperature values varied from
28.02±1.03ºC (Odiemudie) to 28.31±0.96ºC (Ogbele). There was a steady trend of water temperature across
the stations with a mean of 28.19±0.77. The wet season mean water temperature ranged from 27.85 to 28.15ºC
while the dry season ranged from 28.35 to 29.21ºC. The mean pH values varied from 6.33±0.31 (Ihuaba) to
6.50±0.26 (Ogbele). The pH of station 4 (Odiemudie) 6.50 is significantly different p<0.01. There was no
significant difference between the pH of stations 2 and 3 at p<0.01. The pH values were stable across the
stations and within sampling years. The mean pH for the study period across the stations was 6.40±0.25. The
wet season pH ranged from 6.38-6.52 while the dry season pH ranged from 6.10-6.45. The mean salinity values
ranged from 0.0‰ (Ihuaba and Odiemudie) to 7.67±2.63‰ (Degema) and values were significantly different
(p<0.01) among the stations. The salinity trend was brackish at station 1 (Degema) and fresh stations 2-4. The
mean value of the salinity across the stations was 1.96±0.96‰. The wet season salinity ranged from 0.11-
6.66‰ while the dry season salinity ranged from 0.25-10.11‰. The mean DO values at the stations ranged
from 6.84±0.08 mg/L (Degema) and 7.13±0.41 mg/L (Ogbele) with a mean of 7.0 mg/L. The DO value of
station 2 (7.13±0.41 mg/L) was the highest and significant at p<0.01. This was followed by station 1 (Degema)
7.02±0.39 mg/L. Stations 3 and 4 had the same value of 6.96±0.23 mg/L. The wet season DO ranged from 6.94-
7.14 mg/L while the dry season DO ranged from 6.60-7.13 mg/L. The mean BOD values ranged from
2.12±0.70 mg/L (Degema) and 2.46±0.54 mg/L (Ogbele). Station 1 (Degema) had the least value of 2.12±0.70
mg/L and is significantly different from stations 2, 3 and 4 at p<0.01). The mean BOD value across the stations
was 2.37±0.44 mg/L. The wet season had a higher value of 2.43±0.01 mg/L while the dry seasons had a value
2.20±0.05 mg/L. The wet ranged from 2.02-2.61 mg/L while the dry season ranged from 2.11-2.35 mg/L. The
mean conductivity values of the stations varied from 16.39±2.96 μS/cm (Odiemudie) to 18730.58±89.95 μS/cm
(Degema) with the Degema value showing great significant difference at p<0.01). The conductivity values for
stations 2, 3, and 4 showed no significant difference. The mean conductivity value across the stations was
4695.86±2885.24 μS/cm. The wet season had a mean of 4816.2±2945.23 μS/cm while the range was from
15.00-19215.4 μS/cm. For the dry season the values were from 19.61–17553.2 μS/cm.
Key words: Physical and chemical characteristics, Sombreiro River, Niger Delta, Nigeria, , ,
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Cite this Reference:
E.N. Ezekiel, A.I. Hart and J.F.N. Abowei, . The Physical and Chemical Condition of Sombreiro River, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, (4): 327-340.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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