Abstract

To study enantioselctive degradation of triadimefon, the enantioselective degradation of triadimefon in greenhouse soil and normal soil were investigated in detail. The enantiomers of triadimefon were separated by Chiralpak AD column and determined by Liquid Chromatography Via Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The degradation exhibited some enantioselective, resulting in a concentration order of R-(-) tridimefon>S-(+) triadimefon and the degradation of triadimefon in greenhouse soils with high content of organic matter was faster than normal soil.

Keywords:

Enantioselectiv degradation, greenhouse soil, triademefon,

References

1. Ali, I., V.K. Gupta and H.Y. Aboul-Enein, 2003. Chirality: A challenge for the environmental scientists. Curr. Sci., 84(2): 152-156.
   
2. Bromilow, R.H., A.A. Evans, P.H. Nicholls, A.D. Todd and G.G. Briggs, 1996. The effect on soil fertility of repeated applications of pesticides over 20 years. Pestic. Sci., 48: 63-72.
   CrossRef    
3. Bromilow, R.H., A.A. Evans and P.H. Nicholls, 1999. Factors affecting degradation rates of five triazole fungicides in two soil types: 1. Laboratory incubations. Pestic. Sci., 55: 1129-1134.
   CrossRef    
4. Garrison, A.W., J.K. Avants and W.J. Jones, 2011. Microbial transformation of triadimefon to triadimenol in soils: Selective production rates of triadimenol stereoisomers affect exposure and risk. Environ. Sci. Technol., 45: 2186-2193.
   CrossRef    PMid:21341686    
5. Gasztonyi, M., 1981. The diastereomeric ratio in the triadimenol produced by fungal metabolism of triadimefon, and its role in fungicidal selectivity. Pestic. Sci., 12: 433-438.
   CrossRef    
6. Gradish, A.E., C.D. Scott-Dupree, L. Shipp, C.R. Harris and G. Ferguson, 2010. Effect of reduced risk pesticides for use in greenhouse vegetable production on Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Pest Manag. Sci., 66(2): 142-146.
   CrossRef    PMid:19757502    
7. Guo, J.H., X.J. Liu, Y. Zhang, J.L. Shen, W.X. Han, W.F. Zhang, P. Christie, K.W.T. Goulding, P.M. Vitousek and F.S. Zhang, 2010. Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands. Science, 327(5968): 1008-1010.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1182570
   CrossRef    PMid:20150447    
8. Khay, S., A.M. Abd El-Aty, J.H. Choi, M.S. Kim, J.K. Kim and J.H. Shim, 2006. Residual status and dissipation pattern of metalaxyl in Chinese cabbages (Brassica campestris) grown under greenhouse conditions. Hortic. Environ. Biotech., 47(5): 231-236.
   
9. Li, Y.B., F.S. Dong, X.G. Liu, J. Xu, J. Li, Z.Q. Kong, X. Chen, X.Y. Liang and Y.Q. Zheng, 2012. Simultaneous enantioselective determination of triazole fungicides in soil and water by chiral liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A, 1224: 51-60.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.044
   CrossRef    PMid:22209355    
10. Li, Z.Y., Y.C. Zhang, Q.L. Li, W.X. Wang and J.Y. Li, 2011. Enantioselective degradation, abiotic racemization and chiral transformation of triadimefon in soils. Environ. Sci. Technol., 45(7): 2797-803.https://doi.org/10.1021/es103830z
    CrossRef    PMid:21391648    
11. Müller, T.A. and H.P.E. Kohler, 2004. Chirality of pollutants-effects on metabolism and fate. Appl. Microbiol. Biot., 64: 300-316.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-003-1511-4
    CrossRef    PMid:14716466    
12. Park, J.Y., J.H. Choi, B.M. Kim, J.H. Park, S.K. Cho, M.W. Ghafar, A.M. Abd El-Aty and J.H. Shima, 2011. Determination of acetamiprid residues in zucchini grown under greenhouse conditions: Application to behavioral dynamics. Biomed. Chromatogr., 25: 136-146.
    CrossRef    PMid:21182099    
13. Pérez-Fernández, V., M.A. García and M.L. Marina, 2011. Chiral separation of agricultural fungicides. J. Chromatogr. A, 1218(38): 6561-6582.
    CrossRef    PMid:21864842    
14. Singh, N., 2005. Factors affecting triadimefon degradation in soils. J. Agr. Food Chem., 53: 70-75.https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048884j
    CrossRef    PMid:15631511    
15. Sur, N., S. Pal, H. Banerjee, N. Adityachaudhury and A. Bhattacharyya, 2000. Photodegradation of fenarimol. Pest Manag. Sci., 56: 289-292.
    CrossRef    
16. Wong, C.S., 2006. Environmental fate processes and biochemical transformations of chiral emerging organic pollutants. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 386: 544-558.
    CrossRef    PMid:16715266    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.