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Abstract
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Article Information:
Evaluation of Therapeutic Potentials of Stem Bark Extracts of Annona senegalensis in Experimental Trypanosoma brucei brucei Infection in Mice
Blessing U. Ugwu, Joseph I. Okogun, Adamu Y. Kabiru and Emmanuel O. Ogbadoyi
Corresponding Author: Emmanuel O. Ogbadoyi
Submitted: 2011 January, 10
Accepted: 2011 February, 15
Published: 2011 April, 30 |
Abstract:
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African trypanosomiasis is a disease in humans and domestic animals caused by the protozoan
parasite, trypanosomes. Chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is beset with
problems of limited choice of trypanocides in the market, high cost, toxicity, protracted treatment protocols and
emergence of drug-resistant trypanosome strains. Thus, the search for and the development of more effective,
affordable, and safer trypanocidal agents is a necessity. The objective of this study was to evaluate hexane and
methanol extracts of stem bark of Annona senegalensis for anti-trypanosomal activity in mice infected with
Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei were treated intraperitoneally with
the extracts 24 h post infection, at doses ranging from 50-500 mg/kg, for 14 consecutive days. Hexane extract
at a dose of 400 mg/kg showed significant (p<0.01) trypanocidal activity, clearing the parasites completely from
circulation. Sub inoculation of blood and cerebrospinal fluid drawn from the cured mice into healthy mice failed
to produce infection within 2 months of post inoculation. Both PCV and weight significantly improved after
treatment with the crude hexane extract. The partially purified extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly
reduced parasitemia. The LD50 value of the crude hexane extract in mice was 4355 mg/kg. Phytochemical
screening of the crude hexane extract indicated the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids.
These results show that stem bark extract of Annona senegalensis has great potential as anti trypanosomiasis
agent, which could be developed into an alternative drug to complement existing treatment for trypanosomiasis.
Key words: Chemotherapy, sleeping sickness, trypanocidal, trypanosomiasis, , ,
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Abstract
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Cite this Reference:
Blessing U. Ugwu, Joseph I. Okogun, Adamu Y. Kabiru and Emmanuel O. Ogbadoyi, . Evaluation of Therapeutic Potentials of Stem Bark Extracts of Annona senegalensis in Experimental Trypanosoma brucei brucei Infection in Mice. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, (2): 63-70.
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ISSN (Online): 2044-2467
ISSN (Print): 2044-2459 |
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