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Article Information:
Geochemical and Mineralogical Composition of Biu Basalt Deposit, Biu Area NE Nigeria
Gabriel Ike Obiefuna and Ibrahim Sikami Nggada
Corresponding Author: Gabriel Ike Obiefuna
Submitted: March 02, 2013
Accepted: June 22, 2013
Published: May 20, 2014 |
Abstract:
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The aim of this study is to determine the geochemical and mineralogical composition of Biu Basalt Deposit of northeastern Nigeria. Detailed geological mapping of an area of 110 km2 around Biu Dam site area have been mapped on a scale of 1:50, 000. Mapping revealed that the area is underlain by Basaltic rocks of Tertiary age. These are grouped into three types: Massive, slightly vesicular and vesicular basalt. Samples were collected at different locations representing the three types for petrographic and geochemical analysis. Petrographic study of ten rocks samples shows that the samples are essentially composed of Olivine, Augite, Plagioclase lath, Iron oxide and Calcite. Samples were analyzed geochemically using XRF method to determine some major oxides which include SiO2 Al2O3, K2O, Fe 2O3 and CaO. The silica content in the rock samples has average values of 37.94% which is slightly lower than the standard value of 50%. Aluminium content has an average value of 11.16 which is less than the average value of 15%. CaO have an average value of 13.98% which is slightly above the standard value of 8.5%. Fe2O3 content has an average value of 12.59% is greater than the standard value 6%. K2O has an average value of 1.14 which is greater than the standard value of 0.55%. These suggest that the basaltic rocks belong to the tholeiitic basalt.
Key words: Basaltic rock, Biu dam site, geologic mapping, NE Nigeria, petrographic, XRF,
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Cite this Reference:
Gabriel Ike Obiefuna and Ibrahim Sikami Nggada, . Geochemical and Mineralogical Composition of Biu Basalt Deposit, Biu Area NE Nigeria. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, (5): 241-250.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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