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Abstract
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Article Information:
Mosquito Repellent Activity and Phytochemical Characterization of Essential Oils From Striga hermonthica, Hyptis spicigera and Ocimum basilicum Leaf Extracts
Gabi Baba, A.O. Lawal and Hauwa B. Sharif
Corresponding Author: Gabi Baba
Submitted: October 26, 2011
Accepted: Jaurauy 10, 2012
Published: April 25, 2012 |
Abstract:
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The main aim of this study is to screen the phytochemicals and compare the mosquito repellent
activities of essential oils from Hyptis spicigera, Striga hermonthica and Ocimum basilicum (Basil) against
Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus under laboratory conditions. The global threat of malaria to
human race and the need to control its advances is on the focus. Mosquito is the target being the primary host
in the spread of malaria. Alkaloids, saponnins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids were present in all the 3 oils.
Cardiac glycosides were detected in both H. spicigera and Striga hermonthica, while anthraquinone and
phlobatin were present in Striga hermonthica and Hyptis spicigera, respectively. The FTIR spectrum revealed
the presence of C = O, C-l, C-O-C, OH, C-N, S = O and NO2. These correlate with the functional groups in the
identified phytochemicals. At 50% concentration, O. basilicum and Hyptis spicigera oil exhibited higher
repellant potential on Anopheles gambiae with protection time of 183 and 120 min, respectively, while H.
spicigera and S. hermonthica had protection time of 180 and 175 min, respectively against Anopheles gambiae.
At 100% concentration, O. basilicum oil exhibited the highest protection time against the two species of
mosquito tested and at all the concentrations. O. basilicum was equally potent against Culex quinquefasciatus
with 180 min protection time. S. hermonthica had more repellent potential against Culex quinquefasciatus. The
essential oils of Striga hermontica, Ocimum basilicum and Hyptis spicigera leaf extracts have been confirmed
to have potentials as mosquito repellent agents against Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus.
Key words: H. spicigera, O. basilicum, oil, malaria, mosquito, repellent, S. hermonthica
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Cite this Reference:
Gabi Baba, A.O. Lawal and Hauwa B. Sharif, . Mosquito Repellent Activity and Phytochemical Characterization of Essential Oils From Striga hermonthica, Hyptis spicigera and Ocimum basilicum Leaf Extracts. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, (2): 43-48.
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ISSN (Online): 2044-2467
ISSN (Print): 2044-2459 |
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