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Article Information:
Factors and Processes of Coastal Zone Development in Nigeria: A Review
P.C. Mmom and G.O. Chukwu-Okeah
Corresponding Author: Gift Chukwu-Okeah
Submitted: 2011 March, 30
Accepted: 2011 May, 10
Published: 2011 November, 10 |
Abstract:
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Over the years the issue of coastal zone development has been of great concern especially in the face
of global climate change. This has been motivated by the polluted state of the coastal zones which have given
rise to high mortality of aquatic animals, Contaminations of human lathered, impairment of human health, Loss
of biodiversity in breeding grounds, Vegetation destruction and other ecological hazards, Loss of portable and
industrial water resources, Reduction in fishing activities, Poverty, rural underdevelopment and bitterness
within the coastal communities. The coastal zone, which is land-sea interface is one of the most complex areas
of management being the home to an increasing number of activities, rights and interests, its unplanned and
uncontrolled development has the real potential to damage the social, economic and environmental interests
of the residents within this area, each state and territory and each region or unit of local government. The paper
identified three factors and processes that needs to be considered in the development of coastal zones. The
findings of this review explains that in Nigeria, no policy is in place with relation to coastal zone development
and management as a sector rather coastal zone issues are imbedded in the national policy on environment
arising from this, there are no specific outline on the development of the coastal zone, the policy does not
specify issues and concepts that houses the coastal zone, it does not capture the need for protecting the lives
of the inhabitants of the coastal communities noting the nature of the terrain, it also does not take into
cognizance the problems associated with the area and it is wide open without any particular organization
saddled with the responsibility of coastal zone development. It also identified that due to the limitations in the
policy of Nigeria on environment which did not capture specific items that relates to coastal zone development
as well as management, this zone that is uniquely sensitive and vulnerable have been left without any form of
coordination allowing for excessive use of coastal resources at the expense of the environment.
Key words: Coastal zone, development, environment, factors and processes, policies, sustainable development,
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Cite this Reference:
P.C. Mmom and G.O. Chukwu-Okeah, . Factors and Processes of Coastal Zone Development in Nigeria: A Review. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, (6): 625-632.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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