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Abstract
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Article Information:
Geochemical and Mineralogical Composition of Bima Sandstone Deposit, Yola Area, NE Nigeria
G.I. Obiefuna and D.M. Orazulike
Corresponding Author: Gabriel Ike Obiefuna
Submitted: 2010 October, 27
Accepted: 2010 December, 02
Published: 2011 March, 05 |
Abstract:
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The aim of this study is to determine the geochemical and mineralogical composition of Bima
Sandstone deposite of northeastern Nigeria. A total number of sixteen (16) sandstone samples were collected
in Yola area inorder to classify the deposit of the Bima Sandstone exposed in this area on the basis of its
chemical and mineralogical make-up. All the samples were selected randomly and subjected to both
geochemical and petrographic studies. Relative concentration of the major oxide groups such as silica and
alumina alkali oxides, iron oxide and magnesia has been used to classify the deposit. The results of the log of
ratio of the m ajor oxide groups indicate that Bima Sandstone of the study area can be classified as greywackes,
arkoses and lithic arenites including sub-greywackes and protoquartzites. The abundant alkali values as shown
by the relatively high log K2O/Na2O ratio in most of the samples indicated immature sandstones whereas low
alkali values in sam ples F, H and M revealed mature sandstones. The enrichment of silica (quartz) over Al2O3
(log SiO2/Al2O3<1.5) indicate that Bima Sandstone has undergone long period of transportation and have been
subjected to intense weathering resulting in the destruction of other minerals especially plagioclase and
potassium feldspars during transportation. Microscopic examination of about sixteen slides (16) of Bima
Sandstone under both plane and cross polars revealed the following average mineralogical composition: quartz
(65%) feldspars (14%), mica (9%), iron oxide (5%), calcite (3%) further confirms quartz/lithic arenites and
greywackes as some of the predominant sedimentary rocks in the study area.
Key words: Bima Sandstone, geochemical, Nigeria, Northeast, petrographic, Yola area,
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Cite this Reference:
G.I. Obiefuna and D.M. Orazulike, . Geochemical and Mineralogical Composition of Bima Sandstone Deposit, Yola Area, NE Nigeria. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, (2): 95-102.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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