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Article Information:
Constraints in the Control of African Trypanosomiasis the Prevailing Factors in Kurmin Kaduna, Northern, Nigeria (Review Article)
S.M. Samdi, J.N. Abenga, A. Attahir, B.M. Wayo, H.M. Sumayin, M.K. Haruna, A.M. Jijitar, R.T. Ogunwale, R.A. Ramatu and R.L. Bizi
Corresponding Author: Attahir Abubakar
Submitted: 2009 December, 14
Accepted: 2009 December, 30
Published: 2010 February, 10 |
Abstract:
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The aim of this review is to further highlight the prevailing factors in the control of African
trypanosomosis in Nigeria. The effectiveness of trypanocides as a means of control is being curtailed by, wide
spread drug resistance, lack of alternative drugs, multiple resistance, fake drugs,insufficient veterinary services,
proliferation of quacks, high cost of trypanocides and the ability of the parasite to survive in cryptic foci poorly
accessible to drugs. Trypanotolerance is a relative rather than absolute trait, severely affected by heavy
challenge, malnutrition, stress, breed, age, season, and concurrent disease, Trypanotolerant breeds are poorly
utilized and accepted because of their size, productivity and traction power compared with the large zebu
breeds. Use of insecticide has been the most effective and reliable method of control but fear of emergence of
resistance, cross resistance, environmental damage, accumulation in food chains with damaging effect on
fertility etc constitute a major drawback on its use. Poor policies formulation and enforcement, human beliefs
and behaviors, tsetse redistribution, mechanical transmitters and reservoire host has hindered effective control.
The scanty inform ation on distribution, prevalence and economic impact of trypanosomosis in Nigeria, coupled
with corruption, lack of community participation, inability to implement cost effective control strategies, these
has resulted in the negative attitude of national governments and international funding organizations towards
control of the disease, leading to collapse of many control projects. There is no control method that can be used
alone; rather a combination of different control methods has proven effective due to the social, economical and
cultural behaviors of Nigerians.
Key words: Insecticide, policy formulation, trypanocides, trypanosomiasis, tsetse flies, trypanotolerant breeds,
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Cite this Reference:
S.M. Samdi, J.N. Abenga, A. Attahir, B.M. Wayo, H.M. Sumayin, M.K. Haruna, A.M. Jijitar, R.T. Ogunwale, R.A. Ramatu and R.L. Bizi, . Constraints in the Control of African Trypanosomiasis the Prevailing Factors in Kurmin Kaduna, Northern, Nigeria (Review Article). International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (1): Page No: 31-36.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-2908
ISSN (Print): 2041-2894 |
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