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Abstract
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Article Information:
Occurrence of Pathogenic Bacteria in Traditional Millet-Based Fermented Gruels for Young Children in West Africa: Ben-Saalga and Ben-Kida in Ouagadougou (Burkina-Faso)
Akaki David, Loiseau Gérard, Vernière-Icar Christèle and Guyot Jean Pierre
Corresponding Author: Akaki David
Submitted: 2011 August, 11
Accepted: 2011 October, 07
Published: 2011 December, 25 |
Abstract:
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A study was conducted to evaluate microbiological quality of traditionally millet-based fermented
gruels consumed as weaning foods at different stages of the processes as prepared at household level in
Ouagadougou, capital of Burkina Faso in 2004, February to May. Our methodology is based on the use of
traditional enumeration of four categories of micro-organisms like the enterobacteria that cause fecal
contaminations, staphylococcal for the hygiene of producers, Bacillus as cereals contaminant and diarrhea and
vomiting agents for young children; Clostridium like telluric agents. These enumerations were coupled with
the identification of the characteristic colonies. Fermentation followed by sufficient cooking remains a good
means of reduction of the microbial population, especially non-sporulated micro-organisms. MC agar count
at 35ºC went from 4.0×106 cfu/mL (before fermentation) to 1.9×105 cfu/mL (after fermentation) to reach zero
values. On BP agar at 35ºC, the count was 5.1×105 cfu/mL (before fermentation), 2.3×105 cfu/mL (after
fermentation) and 7.2×104 cfu/mL (after cooking). On MYP agar at 35ºC, the results are as follows: 9.9×106
cfu/mL (before fermentation), 1.0×107 cfu/mL (after fermentation) and 1.6×103 cfu/mL (after cooking). Finally,
we obtained on TSC agar at 46ºC about 4.1×106 cfu/mL (before fermentation), 2.7×107 cfu/mL (after
fermentation) and 8.0×103 cfu/mL (after cooking). Identifications showed a strong presence of sporulated germs
and non-sporulated acid tolerant germs especially after cooking. These results show how difficult these types
of germs are to eliminate.
Key words: Bacillus, complementary food, cereals, enterobacteria, fermentation, foodborne pathogens, staphylococcal
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Cite this Reference:
Akaki David, Loiseau Gérard, Vernière-Icar Christèle and Guyot Jean Pierre, . Occurrence of Pathogenic Bacteria in Traditional Millet-Based Fermented Gruels for Young Children in West Africa: Ben-Saalga and Ben-Kida in Ouagadougou (Burkina-Faso). Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, (6): 446-454.
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ISSN (Online): 2042-4876
ISSN (Print): 2042-4868 |
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