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Abstract
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Article Information:
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of a New Chemotype of Hyptis suaveolens (Poit) from Nigeria
B.A. Iwalokun, A. Oluwadun, A. Otunba and O.A. Oyenuga
Corresponding Author: B.A. Iwalokun
Submitted: December 18, 2011
Accepted: January 21, 2012
Published: April 05, 2012 |
Abstract:
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Hyptis suaveolens is one of the aromatic plants credited for substantial medicinal values in the
tropics with three chemotypes previously reported in Nigeria. This study provided biological and chemical
evidence for a new chemotype of Hyptis suaveolens in Lagos. Hydrodistillation of the dried leaves of the plant
produced volatile oil with a yield of 0.31% and subsequent analyses by GC-MS identified 28 volatile
compounds that accounted for 99.1% of the total oil composition. Although the oil was monoterpenoid
dominated and has comparable levels of sabinene (25.8 vs. 13.2-30.1%), a-thujene (1.1 vs. 0.9-1.2%), and 4-
terpineol (8.4-9.8 vs. 11.4%), it elicited a moderate level of α-pinene (4.7 vs. 1.8-13.6), higher levels of β-
pinene (9.7 vs. 0-4.4%), limonene (2.3 vs. 0-0.8%), 1,8-cineole (4.8 vs. 0-1.2%), γ-terpinene (9.3 vs. 1.6-4.2%)
and terpinolene (8.4 vs. 5.6-6.3) and the presence of new compounds: aromadendrene (0.3%), camphor (0.3%),
germacrene B (0.4%) and himachalol (0.1%) when compared with the previous chemotypes. In vitro, the oil
was found by agar diffusion assay to elicit antibacterial activity against E. coli ATCC25922, and S. aureus
ATCC25923 and antifungal activity with C. albicans showing higher sensitivity (MFC = 53.3 μL/mL) and
Aspergillus niger and Trichophyton rubrum displaying moderate to low sensitivity. Biological effect of the oil
at sub-MIC on E. coli ATCC25922 was characterized by dose-dependent loss of outer membrane proteins.
These findings provide evidence for a new chemotype of Hyptis suaveolens in Nigeria.
Key words: Antimicrobial activity, chemotype, Hyptis suaveolens, Nigeria, volatile oil, ,
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Cite this Reference:
B.A. Iwalokun, A. Oluwadun, A. Otunba and O.A. Oyenuga, . Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of a New Chemotype of Hyptis suaveolens (Poit) from Nigeria. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, (3): 265-272.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0778
ISSN (Print): 2041-076X |
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