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Abstract
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Article Information:
Seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease in the Somali Eco-System in Kenya
E.C. Chepkwony, C.G Gitao and G.M. Muchemi
Corresponding Author: C.G. Gitao
Submitted: April 03, 2012
Accepted: May 16, 2012
Published: June 15, 2012 |
Abstract:
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The aim of this study was to document the prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in the arid
and semi-arid areas where the pastoral mode of livestock rearing is pre-dominant in Kenya especially in the
Somali Eco-system. A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study was conducted in the Somali Ecosystem
(SES) in Kenya with 499 sera collected from January 2007 to December 2008 to determine the seroprevalence
of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in cattle in the SES. The samples were screened against the five serotypes
of FMD known to be in circulation in Kenya i.e., FMD O. A, C, SAT1, SAT2 and measured by microneutralizationassay.
The overall sero-prevalence of FMD in the Somali-ecosystem was found to be 45.3% (95%
CI = 40.96 to 49.66%). Twenty seven percent of all animals sampled tested positive for only one serotype while
17.6% tested positive for multiple serotypes. There was a high prevalence (p#0.05) in the circulation of
serotype O (23 and 95% CI = 20.13-27.57%) as compared with the other serotypes, while the prevalence of
serotype C was significantly lower (p#0.05) compared to the other four serotypes (1.6 and 95% CI = 0.82-3.12).
Wajir district recorded the highest prevalence (24.8 and 95% CI = 16.71 to 27.54) while Garissa district
recorded the least (6.2%). There was no significant sero-prevalence variation in relation to sex while older
animals had higher sero-prevalences. The pastoral mode of livestock production, porous borders and wildlife
inter-phase are significant factors that need consideration for effective control programmes.
Key words: Cattle, foot and mouth disease, Kenya, neutralization, somali eco-system, ,
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Cite this Reference:
E.C. Chepkwony, C.G Gitao and G.M. Muchemi, . Seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease in the Somali Eco-System in Kenya. International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (3): 198-203.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-2908
ISSN (Print): 2041-2894 |
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