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Abstract
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Article Information:
Proximate Composition of Selected Congo Oil Seeds and Physicochemical Properties of the Oil Extracts
A. Kimbonguila, J.M. Nzikou, L. Matos, B. Loumouamou, C.B. Ndangui, N.P.G. Pambou-Tobi, A.A. Abena, Th. Silou, J. Scher and S. Desobry
Corresponding Author: Jean Mathurin N'ZIKOU
Submitted: 2009 November, 04
Accepted: 2009 November, 16
Published: 2010 January, 05 |
Abstract:
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Proximate composition, energy content and mineral concentrations of oil seeds which can be used
in the preparation of Congolese diets were investigated. The paper also reports the physicochemical
characteristics of the oil extracts from the seeds. Moisture content (on dry weight basis) was highest
(9.45 ± 0.8%) in gumbo (Abelmoschus esclentus) seeds (AES), followed by amarenthus hybridus seeds (AHS)
(9.07 ± 0.84%) but was lowest (4.13 ± 0.24%) in terminalia catappa seeds (TCS). Ash was highest
(7.18 ± 0.97%) in solanum nigrum L seeds (SNS) followed by gumbo (Abelmoschus esclentus) seeds (AES)
with a value of 5.68 ± 0.12% and was lowest (3.7 ± 0.97%) in sesame (SIS). Protein ranged from 37.6 ± 1.07%
in moringa olifeira (MOS) to 17.04 ± 0.67% in SNS. Sesame seed (SIS) had the highest crude fat of
54 ± 0.16%, followed by TCS (51.80 ± 0.21%) and the lowest value of 10.57 ± 0.05% in AHS. Values for SIS
and TCS did not differ significantly. Total carbohydrates were generally low in all the seeds and ranged from
13.6% in MOS to 36.58% in AES, only the AHS has a high total carbohydrate value (58.31%). The oil seeds
were found to be good sources of minerals. The physical properties of the oil extracts showed the state to be
liquid at room temperature (20±1 ºC). All the studied oil samples contain the oleic and linoleic acids, these oils
can be classified in the oleic-linoleic acid group. It can be inferred that the oil seeds investigated (except AHS
which has a weak oil yield environ 10%) are good sources of crude fat, crude protein, ash, energy and minerals.
The oil extracts exhibited good physicochemical properties and could be useful as edible oils and for industrial
applications.
Key words: Concentrations, DSC, fatty acid, mineral, oils seeds, viscosity,
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Cite this Reference:
A. Kimbonguila, J.M. Nzikou, L. Matos, B. Loumouamou, C.B. Ndangui, N.P.G. Pambou-Tobi, A.A. Abena, Th. Silou, J. Scher and S. Desobry, . Proximate Composition of Selected Congo Oil Seeds and Physicochemical Properties of the Oil Extracts. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, (1): Page No: 60-66.
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ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
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