Abstract

According to internal and external meteorological observation data of the heliogreenhouse from the Shandong Laiwu 2007-2010 winter (December to February), under different weather conditions such as sunny, cloudy and overcast sky, the variation characteristics of the ground temperature as well as its relationship with the internal and external meteorological elements were analyzed. By considering the internal and external meteorological elements of the greenhouse as the triggering factors, a forecast model was constructed to predict the 10 cm hourly ground temperature for the next three days. The results showed that due to the impact of heat exchange between air and the soil surface near the greenhouse, during the day, the temperature gradually reduced with the deepening of the soil, while the opposite trend was observed at night; for shallow soil, the diurnal range of the ground temperature was greater than that of the deep soil layer. The daily maximum temperature showed a gradually decreasing trend from the soil surface to the deep layer, while the daily minimum ground temperature showed an increasing trend. According to the forecast model’s prediction results of the 10 cm ground temperature for three weather conditions (sunny, cloudy and overcast sky), the overall forecast accuracy was relatively high, among which the forecast accuracy on overcast days was greater than on sunny or cloudy days. Among the three periods of the day, the forecast accuracy for the time periods 00:00-07:00 and 18:00-23:00 was better than that of 08:00-17:00. The RMSE average values of the 10 cm ground temperature for the next first, second and third day were 0.5, 0.6 and 0.8°C, respectively and with the increasing prediction time, the forecast accuracy gradually decreased.

Keywords:

Forecast, ground temperature, heliogreenhouse, model,

References

1. Bai, Z.S., X.F. Guo, Y.C. Ding et al., 1998. The change characteristics of air temperature and soil temperature in Sunlight greenhouse in winter. China Vegetables, 3: 31-32.
   
2. Fang, F.C., L.F. Zhang, Z.H. Li, Y.F. Shi, L.H. Gao, T.X. Yan and J.M. Jia, 2010. Tomato irrigation index for soil water leakage control in greenhouse. T. Chinese Soc. Agric. Eng., 26(10): 83-89.
   
3. Kurpaska, S. and Z. Slipek, 1996. Mathematical model of heat and mass exchange in a garden subsoil during warm-air heating. J. Agr. Eng. Res., 65(4): 305-311.
   CrossRef    
4. Liu, Y., Y. Dongsheng, X.Z. Shi, G.X. Zhang and F.L. Qin, 2012. Influence of vegetable cultivation methods on soil organic carbon sequestration rate. Acta Ecol. Sinica, 32(9): 2953-2959.
   CrossRef    Direct Link
5. Salomez, J. and G. Hofman, 2007. A soil temperature/short-wave radiation growth model for butterhead lettuce under protected cultivation in Flanders. J. Plant Nutr., 30(3): 397-410. https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/535816.
   CrossRef    Direct Link
6. Tong, G.H., T.L. Wang, Y.K. Bai, W.H. Liu, W. Yu et al., 2010. Numerical modeling of marginal effect on soil temperature distribution in a Chinese solar greenhouse. Northern Horticulture, 15: 65-68.
   
7. Walker, J.M., 1969. One-degree increments in soil temperatures affect maize seedling behavior. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 33(5): 729-736.
   CrossRef    Direct Link
8. Wu, D.R., Y.Z. Li and Z. Yu, 1994. Theory research on earth tube heat exchangers in a sun-light greenhouse [J]. T. Chinese Soc. Agric. Eng., 10(1): 137-145.
   
9. Yun, X.F. and J.L. Zhang, 1992. The research of the relationship between the solar altitude angles and air and soil temperature in sunlight greenhouse in winter. J. Inner Mongolia Inst. Agric. Anim. Husbandry, 4: 74-78.
   
10. Zhang, R.Z., W.G. Xu and K.H. Zhang, 2009. The research of microclimate in solar greenhouse in Xuzhou area. Acta Agric. Jiangxi, 21(11): 74-79.
    
11. Zhao, T.L., P.B. Zhu, Z.B. Shao et al., 2008. The comparison of daily variation of main environmental factor in Sunlight greenhouse under four kinds of weather conditions. Jiangsu Agric. Sci., 2: 219-220.
    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.