Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Effect of Various Treatment Methods on the Bisphenol A Concentration in Edible Mushroom Segments during Cultivation
1Yong-Chao Li, 2Lan Wang, 3Ben-zhai Hai and 1Ming-Lu Xu
1Life School of Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453003
2College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453007
3College of Information Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan,
Hubei Province, 430070, China
Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017 1:40-48
Received: July 22, 2016 | Accepted: August 23, 2016 | Published: January 25, 2017
Abstract
The aim of study were to analyzed bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) bottles used for cultivation of edible mushrooms, cultivation materials and fruiting bodies of Pleurotus eryngii with various treatments by HPLC-MS. BPA was detected in bottles, cultivation materials and fruiting bodies at levels greater than the limit of detection (0.000611 &mug/g). BPA levels decreased from 19.851 to 6.230 &mug/g following exposure to high temperature and pressure. In addition, the mean BPA levels increased in a pH-dependent manner to 11.37-30.80 &mug/g. With the exception of those grown in new bottles, fruiting bodies contained BPA at levels not exceeding the recently established specific migration limits of 0.6 mg/kg for food established by the European Union. These data suggest that physical treatment methods could decrease BPA levels in new PVC bottles. Use of such treatments rendered fruiting bodies of P. eryngii safe for consumption.
Keywords:
Biodegradation, bisphenol A, different treatment, HPLC-MS,
References
-
Alexiadou, D.K., N.C. Maragou, N.S. Thomaidis, G.A. Theodoridis and M.A. Koupparis, 2008. Molecularly imprinted polymers for bisphenol A for HPLC and SPE from water and milk. J. Sep. Sci. 31(12): 2272-2282.
CrossRef PMid:18615828 Direct Link
-
Braekevelt, E., B.P. Lau, S. Feng, C. Ménard and S.A. Tittlemier, 2011. Determination of melamine, ammeline, ammelide and cyanuric acid in infant formula purchased in Canada by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit. Contam. A, 28(6): 698-704.
CrossRef PMid:21623492 PMCid:PMC3118506 Direct Link
-
Braunrath, R., D. Podlipna, S. Padlesak and M. Cichna-Markl, 2005. Determination of bisphenol A in canned foods by immunoaffinity chromatography, HPLC, and fluorescence detection. J. Agr. Food Chem., 53(23): 8911-8917.
CrossRef PMid:16277382 Direct Link
-
Hornung, R.W. and L.D. Reed, 1990. Estimation of average concentration in the presence of nondetectable values. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 5(1): 46-51.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Kang, J.H. and F. Kondo, 2003. Determination of bisphenol A in milk and dairy products by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J. Food Protect., 66(8): 1439-1443.
CrossRef PMid:12929832 Direct Link
-
Kang, J.H., Y. Katayama and F. Kondo, 2006. Biodegradation or metabolism of bisphenol A: From microorganisms to mammals. Toxicology, 217(2-3): 81-90.
CrossRef PMid:16288945 Direct Link
-
Krishnan, A.V., P. Stathis, S.F. Permuth, L. Tokes and D. Feldman, 1993. Bisphenol-A: An estrogenic substance is released from polycarbonate flasks during autoclaving. Endocrinology, 132(6): 2279-2286.
CrossRef PMid:8504731 Direct Link
-
Kuroda, N., Y. Kinoshita, Y. Sun, M. Wada, N. Kishikawa, K. Nakashima, T. Makino and H. Nakazawa, 2003. Measurement of bisphenol A levels in human blood serum and ascitic fluid by HPLC using a fluorescent labeling reagent. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 30(6): 1743-1749.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Li, C.T., Z.F. Yan, F.H. Tian, X.X. Mao and Y. Li, 2014. Chemical fingerprinting of Tussilago farfara by RP-HPLC and hierarchical clustering analysis. Asian J. Chem., 26(13): 4003-4006.
Direct Link
-
Lin-Gibson, S., T.E. Glass, A.R. Shultz and J.S. Riffle, 2002. Controlled molecular weight cresol–formaldehyde oligomers. Polymer, 43(7): 2017-2029.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Markham, D.A., J.M. Jr. Waechter, M. Wimber, N. Rao, P. Connolly, J.C. Chuang, S. Hentges, R.N. Shiotsuka, S. Dimond and A.H. Chappelle, 2010. Development of a method for the determination of bisphenol A at trace concentrations in human blood and urine and elucidation of factors influencing method accuracy and sensitivity. J. Anal. Toxicol., 34(6): 293-303.
CrossRef PMid:20663281 Direct Link
-
Matthews, J.B., K. Twomey and T.R. Zacharewski, 2001. In vitro and in vivo interactions of bisphenol A and its metabolite, bisphenol A glucuronide, with estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14(2): 149-157.
CrossRef PMid:11258963 Direct Link
-
Munguía-López, E.M., S. Gerardo-Lugo, E. Peralta, S. Bolumen and H. Soto-Valdez, 2005. Migration of bisphenol A (BPA) from can coatings into a fatty-food simulant and tuna fish. Food Addit. Contam., 22(9): 892-898.
CrossRef PMid:16192075 Direct Link
-
Nascimento Filho, I.D., C. von Mühlen, P. Schossler and E.B. Caramăo, 2003. Identification of some plasticizers compounds in landfill leachate. Chemosphere, 50(5): 657-663.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Pulgar, R., M.F. Olea-Serrano, A. Novillo-Fertrell, A. Rivas, P. Pazos, V. Pedraza, J.M. Navajas and N. Olea, 2000. Determination of bisphenol A and related aromatic compounds released from bis-GMA-based composites and sealants by high performance liquid chromatography. Environ. Health Persp., 108(1): 21-27.
CrossRef PMid:10620520 PMCid:PMC1637852 Direct Link
-
Rubin, B.S., 2011. Bisphenol A: An endocrine disruptor with widespread exposure and multiple effects. J. Steroid Biochem., 127(1-2): 27-34.
CrossRef PMid:21605673 Direct Link
-
Sun, Y., M. Irie, N. Kishikawa, M. Wada, N. Kuroda and K. Nakashima, 2004. Determination of bisphenol A in human breast milk by HPLC with column-switching and ?uorescence detection. Biomed. Chromatogr., 18(8): 501-507.
CrossRef PMid:15386523 Direct Link
-
Sungur, S., M. Köroglu and A. Özkan, 2014. Determination of bisphenol a migrating from canned food and beverages in markets. Food Chem., 142: 87-91.
CrossRef PMid:24001816 Direct Link
-
Takao, Y., H.C. Lee, S. Kohra and K. Arizono, 2002. Release of bisphenol A from food can lining upon heating. J. Health Sci., 48(4): 331-334.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Taylor, J.A., W.V. Welshons and F.S. Vom Saal, 2008. No effect of route of exposure (oral; subcutaneous injection) on plasma bisphenol A throughout 24h after administration in neonatal female mice. Reprod. Toxicol., 25(2): 169-176.
CrossRef PMid:18295446 PMCid:PMC3564515 Direct Link
-
Trasande, L., T.M. Attina and J. Blustein, 2012. Association between urinary bisphenol A concentration and obesity prevalence in children and adolescents. JAMA, 308(11): 1113-1121.
CrossRef PMid:22990270 Direct Link
-
Vandenberg, L.N., I. Chahoud, J.J. Heindel, V. Padmanabhan, F.J. Paumgartten and G. Schoenfelder, 2010. Urinary, circulating, and tissue biomonitoring studies indicate widespread exposure to bisphenol A. Environ. Health Persp., 118(8): 1055-1070.
CrossRef PMid:20338858 PMCid:PMC2920080 Direct Link
-
Vandenberg, L.N., M.V. Maffini, C. Sonnenschein, B.S. Rubin and A.M. Soto, 2009. Bisphenol-A and the great divide: A review of controversies in the field of endocrine disruption. Endocr. Rev., 30(1): 75-95.
CrossRef PMid:19074586 PMCid:PMC2647705 Direct Link
-
Völkel, W., T. Colnot, G.A. Csanády, J.G. Filser and W. Dekant, 2002. Metabolism and kinetics of bisphenol A in humans at low doses following oral administration. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15(10): 1281-1287.
CrossRef PMid:12387626 Direct Link
-
Xu, L. and D.C. Spink, 2008. Analysis of steroidal estrogens as pyridine-3-sulfonyl derivatives by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Biochem., 375(1): 105-114.
CrossRef PMid:18162162 PMCid:PMC2675187 Direct Link
-
Xu, X., J.M. Roman, H.J. Issaq, L.K. Keefer, T.D. Veenstra and R.G. Ziegler, 2007. Quantitative measurement of endogenous estrogens and estrogen metabolites in human serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 79(20): 7813-7821.
CrossRef PMid:17848096 Direct Link
-
Yamamoto, T. and A. Yasuhara, 1999. Quantities of bisphenol A leached from plastic waste samples. Chemosphere, 38(11): 2569-2576.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Yamamoto, T., A. Yasuhara, H. Shiraishi and O. Nakasugi, 2001. Bisphenol A in hazardous waste landfill leachates. Chemosphere, 42(4): 415-418.
CrossRef Direct Link
-
Yi, B., C. Kim and M. Yang, 2010. Biological monitoring of bisphenol A with HLPC/FLD and LC/MS/MS assays. J. Chromatogr. B, 878(27): 2606-2610.
CrossRef PMid:20202916 Direct Link
-
Zimmers, S.M., E.P. Browne, P.W. O'Keefe, D.L. Anderton, L. Kramer, D.A. Reckhow and K.F. Arcaro, 2014. Determination of free bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in breast milk of U.S. women using a sensitive LC/MS/MS method. Chemosphere, 104: 237-243.
CrossRef PMid:24507723 Direct Link
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
|
|
![](http://www.maxwellsci.com/images/AJFST-maxw.jpg) |
ISSN (Online): 2042-4876
ISSN (Print): 2042-4868 |
![Submit Manuscript](../images/sub.jpg) |
Information |
|
|
|
Sales & Services |
|
|
|