Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Bread Sold in Benue and Nasarawa States of Central Nigeria
M.O. Eke, C.C. Ariahu and D.I. Gernah
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria
Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013 5:547-550
Received: November 13, 2012 | Accepted: January 11, 2013 | Published: May 05, 2013
Abstract
The proximate composition, vitamin and mineral contents as well as sensory properties of some selected brands of bread sold in Benue and Nasarawa States were determined using standard methods of analysis. Fresh loaves of six of the most popular brands of bread, three from Benue (Top choice, Ostrich, Tito) and three from Nasarawa (Emziler, Canaan, Gods Promise), constituting samples A-F, were purchased from the respective bread factories within 4hrs of their production and used for the investigation. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in proximate composition with values ranging from 30.21-35.07% (moisture), 8.74-14.22% (crude protein), 2.00-8.10% (crude fat), 0.71-1.05% (crude fibre), 6.00-7.93% (ash) and 35.81-48.18% (carbohydrate), thus showing compliance with Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON) specifications, especially in terms of moisture, protein, crude fibre and carbohydrate contents. The fat and ash contents of most of the bread samples were far above the specifications of 2.00% and 0.60% maximum, respectively. The mineral and vitamin contents were found to be quite high in all the bread samples. Sensory evaluation showed that sample C (Tito) was the most preferred followed by sample E, A, B, D in that order. Sample F (Gods Promise) was the least preferred in terms of sensory evaluation, but showed the highest compliance to SON specifications in terms of proximate composition. All the bread samples were found to be very rich in macro-and micro-nutrients.
Keywords:
Bread, compliance, minerals, proximate composition, specifications, vitamins,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2042-4876
ISSN (Print): 2042-4868 |
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