Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Characterization of Essential Oils of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich for Afforestation of the Coastal Savanna at Pointe-Noire (Congo-Brazzaville)
1R. Kama Niamayoua, 1, 3T. Silou, 1, 2J.B. Bassiloua, 2M. Diabangouaya, 1A.N. Loumouamou and 4J.C. Chalchat
1Pôle d'Excellence Régional en Alimentation et Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 69, Brazzaville, Congo.
2Centre de Recherches Forestiéres du Littoral, BP 764 Pointe-Noire, Congo
3Ecole Supérieure de Technologie des Cataractes, Brazzaville Congo, BP 389, Brazzaville, Congo 4AVAHEA, 38 rue de Clémensat, 63540 Romagnat, France
Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014 6:728-736
Received: December 18, 2013 | Accepted: December 28, 2013 | Published: June 10, 2014
Abstract
The essential oil from fruits, leaves and stem bark of Xylopia aethiopica of Congo-Brazzaville was obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by CG on two columns with different polarities (polar and apolar) and by CG/SM. The essential oil from fruits was characterized by the presence of three constituents at levels of at least 10%. These were pinenes (alpha-+beta-) as major components (17%), 1, 8-cineole (13.3%) and sabinene (10%), all monoterpene hydrocarbons. The three most abundant oxygenated monoterpenes were trans-pinocarveol (8.2%), myrtenal (6.3%) and myrtenol (6.2%). The essential oil from leaves was characterized by the presence of pinenes (alpha-+beta-) as major components (39-60%). Sesquiterpenes came second, with caryophyllene the most abundant (6-18%). Oil from stem bark was made up of pinenes (27-57%), with beta-cubebene (11-14%) in second position and transpinocarveol (6%) and myrtenal (5%) jointly in third position.
Keywords:
Bark, essential oil, fruits, leaves, Xylopia aethiopica,
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The authors have no competing interests.
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