Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of oligosaccharides in sports drink on high-intensity exercise capacity in athletes. In our research, sixteen healthy male students of Institute of Physical Education were randomly divided into Oligosaccharide Replenishment (OR) group (n = 8) and control group (n = 8). Their max oxygen uptake were measured by 2900 cardiorespiratory function meter, then they all participated in a cycling test at the intensity of 80% oxygen consumption max until fatigue. The results showed that blood glucose (mmol/L) in the OR group was higher than that in the control group during exercise, the difference between the two groups was more significant along with time (5.29±1.07-6.46±0.78 and 4.71±0.84-5.36±0.80, p<0.05). 30 min after the exercise, the change of blood lactate in the OR group was higher than that in the control group both during (6.69±1.57-7.39±1.19) and after (6.18±1.28-5.19±1.14) the exercise (p<0.05). Cycling time [(47±12) min] and work load [(174.9±3.6) kJ] in the OR group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). From these results, we can see that oligosaccharide-replenishing is good for keeping blood glucose level for a long time in high-intensity exercise and prolong the time of high-intense exercise.

Keywords:

Athletes, blood glucose, blood lactate, oligosaccharides, sports drink,

References

1. Angus, D.J., M. Hargreaves, J. Dancy, M.A. Febbraio, 2000. Effect of carbohydrate or carbohydrate plus medium-chain triglyceride ingestion on cycling time trial performance. J. Appl. Physiol., 88(1): 113-119.
   PMid:10642370    
2. Carter, J., A.E. Jeukendrup, T. Mundel and D.A. Jones, 2003. Carbohydrate supplementation improves moderate and high-intensity exercise in the heat. Pflug. Arch., 446(2): 211-219.
   CrossRef    PMid:12739159    
3. Clark, V.R., W.G. Hopkins, J.A. Hawley and L.M. Burke, 2000. Placebo effect of carbohydrate feedings during a 40-km cycling time trial [In Process Citation]. Med. Sci. Sport. Exer., 32: 1642-1647.
   CrossRef    PMid:10994918    
4. Coyle, J.T. and P. Puttfarcken, 1993. Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders. vol. 262, pp: 689-695.
   PMid:7901908    
5. Fielding, R.A., D.L. Costill, W.J. Fink, D.S. King, M. Hargreaves and J.E. Kovaleski, 1985. Effect of carbohydrate feeding frequencies and dosage on muscle glycogen use during exercise. Med. Sci. Sport. Exer., 17: 472-476.
   CrossRef    PMid:4033404    
6. Flynn, M.G., D.L. Costill, J.A. Hawley, W.J. Fink, P.D. Neufer, R.A. Fielding and M.D. Sleeper, 1987. Influence of selected carbohydrate drinks on cycling performance and glycogen use. Med. Sci. Sport. Exer., 19: 37-40.
   CrossRef    PMid:3821453    
7. Hargreaves, M., J.A. Hawley and A. Jeukendrup, 2004. Pre-exercise carbohydrate and fat ingestion: Effects on metabolism and performance. J. Sport. Sci., 22: 31-38.
   CrossRef    PMid:14971431    
8. Jentjens, R.L. and A.E. Jeukendrup, 2002. Prevalence of hypoglycemia following pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion is not accompanied by higher insulin sensitivity. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exe., 4: 398-413.
   CrossRef    
9. Jentjens, R.L.P.G., M.C. Venables and A.E. Jeukendrup, 2004. Oxidation of exogenous glucose, sucrose and maltose during prolonged cycling exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 96(4): 1285-1291.
   CrossRef    PMid:14657044    
10. Madsen, K., D.A. MacLean, B. Kiens and D. Christensen, 1996. Effects of glucose, glucose plus branched-chain amino acids, or placebo on bike performance over 100 km. J. Appl. Physiol., 81(6): 2644-2650.
    PMid:9018517    
11. Maughan, R.J., L.R. Bethell and J.B. Leiper, 1996. Effects of ingested fluids on exercise capacity and on cardiovascular and metabolic responses to prolonged exercise in man. Exp. Physiol., 81: 847-859.
    CrossRef    PMid:8889482    
12. Mitchell, J.B., D.L. Costill, J.A. Houmard, W.J. Fink, D.D. Pascoe and D.R. Pearson, 1989. Influence of carbohydrate dosage on exercise performance and glycogen use. J. Appl. Physiol., 67: 1843-1849.
    PMid:2600017    
13. Tsintzas, O. K., C. Williams, L. Boobis, P. Greenhaff, 1996. Carbohydrate ingestion and single muscle fiber glycogen metabolism during prolonged running in men. Journal of Applied Physiology, (81): 801-809.
    PMid:8872649    
14. Tsintzas K., K. Jewell, M. Kamran, D. Laithwaite, T. Boonsong, J. Littlewood, I. Macdonald and A. Bennett, 2006. Differential regulation of metabolic genes in skeletal muscle during starvation and refeeding in humans. J. Physiol. pp: 291-303.
    CrossRef    PMid:16763003 PMCid:PMC1819428    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.