Abstract

Sports completion is unprecedentedly intensive now and performance of athletes becomes closer and closer to limit of human’s capacity. To constantly create better performance, athletes must do a large amount of limitation training. Athletes would be found with water desorption, electrolyte loss, enhanced protein catabolism, imbalanced cell membrane penetration and enzyme escape after overloaded training and competition. Whey protein can rapidly provide athletes with water, electrolyte and energy substance, prevent excessive fatigue of athletes during sports, sustain and promote fluid balance within body and help athletes rapidly recover physical ability. Sports nutritional food is a powerful nutritional basis for athletes who engage in a large amount of overloaded training and competition. This study first discusses over the application of whey protein in the perspective of the functional characteristics of whey protein, then emphatically analyzes the impact of whey protein on physical ability recovery and fatigue elimination of canoeing athletes and finally explores the impact of whey protein on various indexes during training based on a case, thus to further confirm the action mechanism of whey protein for canoeing athletes.

Keywords:

Blood volume, canoeing athletes, fatigue relief, physical ability recovery, whey protein,

References

1. Almeida, C.C., B.R.C.D. Costa-Lima, T.S. Alvares and et al., 2015. In vitro digestibility of commercial whey protein supplements. LWT-Food Sci. Technol., 61: 7-11.
   
2. Bordi, P.L., G. Salvaterra, C. Cole, D.A. Cranage, M. Borja and Y. Choi, 2003. A taste comparison of an isolated soy protein carbohydrate-protein beverage and an isolated whey protein carbohydrate-protein beverage. Foodservice Res. Int., 14(1): 23-33.
   CrossRef    
3. Bounous, G., 2000. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and glutathione modulation in cancer treatment. Anticancer Res., 20(6C): 4785-4792.
   PMid:11205219    
4. Devries, M.C. and S.M. Phillips, 2015. Supplemental protein in support of muscle mass and health: Advantage whey. J. Food Sci., 80suppl 1(S1): A8-A15.
   
5. Elia, D., K. Stadler, V. Horváth and J. Jakus, 2006. Effect of soy-and whey protein-isolate supplemented diet on the redox parameters of trained mice. Eur. J. Nutrit., 45(5): 259-66.
   CrossRef    PMid:16575496    
6. Frid, A.H., N.M. Holst, J.J. Bjorck, 2006. Effect of whey on blood glucose and insulin responses to composite breakfast and lunch meals in type 2 diabetic subjects. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr., 82(1): 69-75.
   
7. Jakopovic, K.L., 2014. Why athletes choose whey proteins? Mlijeko I Ja, 2(20): 6-7.
   
8. Liao, P., Y. Zhang, Y. Liao, N.J. Zheng and X. Zhang, 2007. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementtation on liver mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity in adolescent athletes. Chinese J. Appl. Physiol., 23(4): 491-494.
   
9. Mackenzie-Shalders, K., N. Byrne, G. Slater and N.A. King, 2015. The effect of a whey protein supplement dose on satiety and food intake in resistance training athletes. Appetite, 92: 178-184.
   CrossRef    PMid:25979566    
10. Morifuji, M., K. Sakai, C. Sanbongi and K. Sugiura, 2005. Dietary whey protein downregulates fatty acid synthesis in the liver, but upregulates it in skeletal muscle of exercise-trained rats. Nutrition, 21(10): 1052-1058.
    CrossRef    PMid:16157243    
11. Pan, D., J. Cao, H. Guo and B. Zhao, 2012. Studies on purification and the molecular mechanism of a novel ace inhibitory peptide from whey protein hydrolysate. Food Chem., 130(1): 121-126.
    CrossRef    
12. Samadi, M., 2009. Whey protein isolate. J. Amer. Leather Chem. Sassociation, 58(4): 122-130.
    
13. Silverberg, N.B., 2012. Whey protein precipitating moderate to severe acne flares in 5 teenaged athletes. Cutis, 90(2): 70-72.
    PMid:22988649    
14. Sundell, J., J. Hulmi and J. Rossi, 2011. Whey protein and creatine as nutritional supplements. Duodecim; L0101ketieteellinen Aikakauskirja, 127(7): 700-5.
    
15. Xu, R., N. Liu, X. Xu and B. Kong, 2011. Antioxidative effects of whey protein on peroxide-induced cytotoxicity. J. Dairy Sci., 94(8): 3739-3746.
    CrossRef    PMid:21787910    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.