Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
In vitro and In vivo Neutralizing Activity of Uvaria Chamae Fractions on the Venoms of Naja Nigricollis in Albino Rat and Bovine Blood
1G. Ada, 1M. Mamman, 2M.G. Magaji, 1P.O. Yusuf and 1M.P. Ameh
1Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 1:1-10
Received: July 10, 2019 | Accepted: August 7, 2019 | Published: April 25, 2020
Abstract
This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of Uvaria chamae extract in protecting against Naja nigricollis envenomations. Uvaria chamae is a well-known medicinal plant in Nigeria traditional medicine for the management of snakebite. Freshly collected Uvaria chamae leaves and stems were air-dried, powdered and extracted in methanol. The median lethal dose of the extract was determined and further fractionated with n-hexane, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was tested for neutralizing effect against venom-induced haemolytic, fibrinolytic, hemorrhagic, and cytotoxic activities. The result obtained showed significant (p<0.05) antihaemolytic activity of Uvaria chamae in n-butanol 31.40%, aqueous residue 39.60% and ethyl acetate 40.70% fractions when compared to positive controls, but in n-hexane, the activity 33% was not significantly (p>0.05) increased. Antifibrinolytic activity was significantly (p<0.05) increase in n-hexane 73.88%, n-butanol 72.22% and aqueous residue 72.22% fractions. Antihaemorrhagic significant (p<0.05) increase in all the concentrations of each fraction except for n-butanol and aqueous residues at 400 mg/kg; antihaemorrhagic effect was more at 100 and 200 mg/mL concentration following experimental envenomation. Uvaria chamae fractions were found to possess a high level of protection against Naja nigricollis venoms-induced lethality, compared to positive controls. The results apparently provide the pharmacological rationale for the use of the leaves of Uvaria chamae in the management of snakebite envenomation.
Keywords:
Albino rat and venom, fractions, naja nigricollis, snakebite, uvaria chamae,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2044-2467
ISSN (Print): 2044-2459 |
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