Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Pyretic Activity of the Leaf, Root and Saponin Fraction from Vernonia amygdalina
1, 6P.C. Adiukwu, 2F.I.B. Kayanja, 3G. Nambatya, 4, 6B. Adzu, 1S. Twinomujuni, 1O. Twikirize, 5A.A. Ganiyu, 1E. Uwiduhaye, 7E. Agwu, 5, 6J.K. Tanayen, 1P. Nuwagira and 8P. Buzaare
1Pharmacy Department
2Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology,
P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
3Natural Chemotherapeutic Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 4864 Kampala, Uganda
4Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, PMB 21 Abuja, Nigeria
5Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, P.O. Box 71 Bushenyi, Uganda
6Kampala International University Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research (KIUCAMRES) Group, Western Campus, Ishaka, P.O. Box 71 Bushenyi, Uganda
7Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka, P.O. Box 71 Bushenyi, Uganda
8Makerere University Joint AIDS Program, Mbarara Office, P.O. Box 926 Mbarara, Uganda
British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2013 2:33-40
Received: October 12, 2012 | Accepted: January 05, 2013 | Published: April 25, 2013
Abstract
Studies have shown that Vernonia amygdalina possess saponin as one of the bitter phyto-constituents. This study was aimed at determining the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity of the aqueous extract of the leaf, root and saponin fraction from the herb. Standard procedures using ear thickness measurement in xylene induced inflammation and anal temperature readings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced pyrexia in rats were followed. Data indicated significant (p≤0.05) inhibitory activity for all the dose levels of the extracts in the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic evaluations. Saponin fraction at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg with 10.5 and 19.6% inhibition respectively, showed significant (p≤0.05) anti-inflammatory activity. The antipyretic evaluation of the saponin fraction showed no anal temperature reduction at 50 mg/kg dose level. Finding suggests the antipyretic and non-steroid like anti-inflammatory activity of the saponin fraction. This may partly explain the observed activity of the herbal extract which has found use traditionally as remedy for similar ailments.
Keywords:
Anal temperature, ear thickness, inflammation, pyrexia, rat, Vernonia amygdalina,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2044-2467
ISSN (Print): 2044-2459 |
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