Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
In Vitro Evaluation of Extracts of Solanum torvum (Solanaceae) Fruits for Anti-Trichomonal Activity
1Gabriel Femi Ibikunle and 2Emmanuel Olofu Ogbadoyi
1Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna
2Department of Biochemistry, Global Institute for Bioexploration, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Bosso Road, Minna, Nigeria
British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 2:20-25
Received: October ‎10, 2014 | Accepted: April ‎7, ‎2015 | Published: May 25, 2016
Abstract
Trichomonasis is curable when treated. However there is increasing incidence of resistance to therapeutic drugs. Solanum torvum has several ethnomedicinal applications and therefore a potential source of antiparasitic drugs. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic potentials of extracts of fruits of Solanum torvum against Trichomonas gallinarum. Crude methanol extract of Solanum torvum was partitioned into petroleum ether (STF1), chloroform (STF2), ethyl acetate (STF3), aqueous (STF4) and STF5 (precipitate) fractions. STF1, STF2 and STF3 were each subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography to obtain STF11- 17, STF21- 28 and STF31- 37. The crude extract STF0, partition fractions STF1-5 and sub fractions STF11- 17, STF21- 28 STF31- 37 were assayed for anti-trichomonal activity. The crude extract, STF0, at 24 h and 48 h showed LC50 and LC90 of 386.34±17.96, 2168.31±119.43, 85.81±20.10, 324.72±17.73 (μg/mL), respectively. STF5 (precipitate) had LD50 and LD90 at 24 and 48 h as 25.84±5.12, 70.36±15.64 and 13.87±1.61, 42.94±6.20 (μg/mL), respectively. STF1, STF2 and STF3 had LD90 at 48h as 72.76±1.72, 119.39±3.90 and 114.54±36.08 (μg/mL) while STF13, STF14, STF23 and STF34 had corresponding values of LD90 at 48h as 67.18±14.90, 88.07±4.78, 89.95±7.99 and 84.03±8.03 (μg/mL). The partition fractions STF1, STF2 and STF3, the VLC sub fractions STF13, STF14, STF23, STF34 and the standard drug did not show significant difference (p>0.05) in their bioactivities. It is concluded that methanol extracts of the fruits of Solanum torvum are a potential source of drug (s) for the treatment of trichomoniasis.
Keywords:
Solanum, torvum, trichomonas vaginalis, trichomoniasis, trichomonas gallinarum,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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