Abstract

Fish oils have been recognized as good sources of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA), which are widely used for pharmaceutical purpose and food supplement. In this study, the multi-objective optimization method was used to describe the enrichment process of DHA, EPA, omega-3 from pangasius fish oil with the urea-to-fish oil ratio, complexation temperature and urea complexation time which affected the enrichment’s level of polyunsaturated fatty acid. The multi-objective optimization result has determined the technological mode of enrichment process at the urea-to-fish oil ratio of 2/1, complexation temperature of -11°C and urea complexation time of 18.6 h. Under these conditions, the enrichment efficiency of DHA, EPA and omega-3 reached to maximum level of 120.06, 58.4 and 179.5% and it was the basis to establish the technology mode for the enrichment process from pangasius fish oil. The result was totally compatible with experiment and able to apply in industrial production in order to create the fish oil which contented high polyunsaturated fatty acid and better in quality.

Keywords:

Enrichment, fish oil, multi-objective optimization, pangasius, urea complexation,

References

1. Can, N.T. and et al., 2002. The Technological Seafoos Processing. 3th Edn., Published by Science and Technology, Viet Nam, 270, Book, Vol. 2.
   
2. Canh, N., 2004. Planning Experiments. 3rd Edn., Published by VNU HCMC, Viet Nam.
   
3. Eduardo, L.H., 2010. Health effects of oleic acid long chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) enriched milks: A review of intervention studies. Pharmacol. Res., 61: 200-2007.
   CrossRef    PMid:19897038    
4. Luc, N.T. and L.X. Hai, 2008. Multi-targets optimization of extruding procedure to improve manufacturing technique of shrimp pellet feed. Sci. technol. J. Agri. Rural Develop. Vietnam, 5: 62-65.
   
5. Luc, N.T., L.H. Du and N.T. Dzung, 2013. Optimization of the smoking process of pangasius fish fillet to increase the product quality. J. Food Sci. Technol., Maxwell Science Pubilication, United Kingdom, 5(2): 206-212.
   CrossRef    
6. Luc, N.T. and N.A. Minh, 2014. Determine the factors that affect the enrichment process of high bioactive substance from pangasius oil. Current Res. J. Biol. Sci., 6(1): 46-52.
   
7. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Vietnam 2010. The development strategy of fisheries national Vietnam to year 2020.
   
8. Shahidi, F. and U.N. Wanasundara, 1998. Omega-3 fatty acid concentrates nutritional aspects and production technologies. Trends Food Sci. Technol., 9: 230-240.
   CrossRef    
9. Shimada, Y., A. Sugihara, H. Nakano, T. Kuramoto and et al., 1997. Purification of docosahexaenoic acid by selective esterification of fatty acids from tuna oil with rhizopus delemar lipase. JAOCS, 74: 97-101.
   CrossRef    
10. Simopoulos, AP., 1997. Essential fatty acids in health and chronic disease. Food Rev. Int., 13: 623-631.
    CrossRef    
11. Wanasundara, U.N. and F. Shahidi, 1999. Concentration of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids of seal blubber oil by urea complexation: optimization of reaction condition. Food Chemistry, 65: 41-49.
    CrossRef    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.