Abstract

Increased expression of several acute phase cytokines, such as IL1, IL8 and TNF-α, have been positively correlated with the most severe clinical symptoms often associated with coliform or endotoxin-induced mastitis. Very little information is available on buffalo transcriptome. No information is available on mastitis related genes in buffaloes thus, the main aim of the present study was to analyze the buffalo transcriptome for extracting sequence of mastitis related genes (IL-1B, IL6, IL8 and IL-12B), the expression of these genes across various tissues using RNA-Seq, analyse the functional pathways and confer the phylogenetic relationship of these Interleukin genes with other species. IL1B revealed high expression in lungs while IL8 in mammary gland and IL12B in kidney respectively. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a clear homology between buffalo and cattle ILs. The results were confirmed by constructing gene and species tree. In species tree, Bos Taurus was nearest to Bubalus bubalis followed by Ovis aries thereby grouping the whole Bovidae family together. The gene tree constructed with the help of Maximum likelihood methods clearly clustered IL1B and IL8 in one clade. This may be attributed to structural and functional relationship of IL8 induced after exposure to a variety of inflammatory stimuli including bacteria, oxidative stress, LPS, TNF and IL1B. Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate IL genes provided insights into their patterns and process of gene evolution.

Keywords:

Bubalus bubalis, interleukins, phylogenetic analysis, RNA-Seq,

References

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

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The authors have no competing interests.