Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Hospital Records (2006-2013) of Dogbite Cases and Laboratory Confirmation of Dog Rabies in Niger State, Nigeria
1A. Garba, 2J.U. Umoh, 3H.M. Kazeem, 2A.A. Dzikwi, 4M.S.Yahaya, 1A. Zaharadeen, 1L. Konzing and 5E.L. Odeh
1Department of Diagnostic and Extension, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom,
2Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine,
3Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria,
4Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
5Army Headquarters, Dog Platoon, Yar’adua Barracks, Abuja-Nigeria
International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 2014 2:87-91
Received: February 06, 2014 | Accepted: March 01, 2014 | Published: April 20, 2014
Abstract
The hospital records of dog bite cases reported to the government hospitals across Niger State between January, 2006 and July, 2013 were investigated. Additionally, records of animal samples submitted to the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom-Nigeria for confirmatory rabies diagnosis during same period were investigated. Data on dog bite victims including year/month of bite, sex of victims, age and sites of bite were retrieved and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results indicated that a total of 223 cases were recorded with the highest number (40 cases) recorded in 2012 and the least (10 cases) recorded in 2013. Higher proportions of victims (66.8%) were males and 46.2% of victims were children below the age of 15 years. Majority (81.3%) of bite was inflicted on the legs and then to some extent (14.3%) on the hands. A total of 1976 animal samples were submitted to NVRI, Vom for rabies diagnosis during the reporting period with 55.6% being confirmed positive but none was submitted from Niger State. Considering that over 81% of bite sites occurred on the legs, it suggests a possible prolong incubation period of rabies in victims. This may enhance misdiagnosis of rabies due to none or poor follow up of dog bite victims in our society. Similarly, non-submission of animal samples to NVRI, Vom from Niger State for rabies diagnosis suggest non-surveillance of rabies in the state. Enhanced surveillance of animal and human rabies in the state and Nigeria at large is highly recommended.
Keywords:
Dog bite, hospital records, Niger state, Nigeria, rabies surveillance,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-2908
ISSN (Print): 2041-2894 |
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