Home            Contact us            FAQs
    
      Journal Home      |      Aim & Scope     |     Author(s) Information      |      Editorial Board      |      MSP Download Statistics

     Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology


Evaluation of Treated Water at Three Adjacent Water Treatment Stations in Al-Hilla City, Iraq by Using CCME Water Quality Index

Layla Abdulkareem Mokif
Department of Civil Engineering, Almustaqbal University College, Iraq
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology   2015  11:1343-1346
http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.10.1832  |  © The Author(s) 2015
Received: April ‎9, ‎2015  |  Accepted: April ‎22, ‎2015  |  Published: August 15, 2015

Abstract

In this study, many water quality indices are reviewed. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), Water Quality Index (WQI) is used in the assessment of three adjacent water treatment stations. These stations are in Al-Hilla City in Iraq. They are all supplied with raw water from Shatt Al-Hill River. For determining the water quality of these water treatment stations, eight physical and chemical parameters are estimated. The considered parameters are Alkalinity (Alk), Turbidity (Turb.), Chloride (Cl), pH, Magnesium (Mg), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Calcium (Ca) and Total Hardness (TH). Treated water samples were collected and tested regularly for 6 months from the three stations. The calculated results for water quality reveal that all selected water treatment stations are good according to classification of CCME WQI. All the estimated values of the chemical and physical parameters concerning the studied water treatment stations are ranging within the Iraqi standards except turbidity.

Keywords:

CCME WQI, water assessment , water quality index , water treatment,


References

  1. Abbasi, S.A., 2002. Water quality indices, state of the art report. National Institute of Hydrology, Scientific Contribution, No. INCOH/SAR-25/2002, INCOH, Roorkee, pp: 73.
  2. Agrama, A.A. and E.A. El-Sayed, 2013. Assessessing and mapping water quality (Case study: Western Delta -Egypt). Int. Water Technol. J., 3(3): 158-169.
  3. Ahuja, S., 2009. Handbook of Water Purity and Quality. 1st Edn., Academic Press, Amsterdam, New York.
  4. Al-Janabi, Z.Z., A.R. Al-Kubaisi and Al-Obaidy and A.H.M.J. Al-Obaidy, 2012. Assessment of water quality of tigris river by using water quality index (CCME WQI). J. Al-Nahrain Univ., 15(1): 119-126.
  5. Alobaidy, A.H.M., B.K. Maulood and A.J. Kadhem, 2010. Evaluating raw and treated water quality of tigris river within Baghdad by index analysis. J. Water Resour. Protect., 2: 629-635.
    CrossRef    
  6. Atulegwu, P.U. and J.D. Njoku, 2004. The impact of biocides on the water quality. Int. Res. J. Eng. Sci. Technol., 1: 47-52.
  7. Bharti, N. and D. Katyal, 2011. Water quality indices used for surface water vulnerability assessment. Int. J. Environ. Sci., 2(1): 154-173.
  8. CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment), 2001. Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: CCME water quality index 1.0. Technical Report, Canadian Council of Ministers of the environment Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
  9. Debels, P., R. Figueroa, R. Urrutia, R. Barra and X. Niell, 2005. Evaluation of water quality in the Chilla’n River (Central Chile) using physicochemical parameters and a modified water quality index. Environ. Monit. Assess., 110: 301-322.
    CrossRef    PMid:16308794    
  10. Gyamfi, C., R. Boakye, E. Awuah and F. Anyemedu, 2013. Application of the CCME-WQI model in assessing the water quality of the Aboabo River, Kumasi-Ghana. J. Sustain. Dev., 6(10): 1-7.
    CrossRef    
  11. Haseen, K., A.K. Amir and H. Sarah, 2005. The Canadian water quality index: A tool for water resource management. Proceeding of the MTERM International Conference. June 06-10, Ait, Thailand.
    PMid:16263528    
  12. Horton, R.K., 1965. An index number system for rating water quality. J. Water Pollut. Con. F., 37(3): 300-306.
  13. Kannel, P.R., S. Lee, Y.S. Lee, S.R. Kanel and S.P. Khan, 2007. Application of water quality indices and dissolved oxygen as indicators for river water classification and urban impact assessment. Environ. Monit. Assess., 132: 93-110.
    CrossRef    PMid:17279460    
  14. Lumb, A., D. Halliwell and T. Sharma, 2002. Canadian water quality index to monitor the changes in water quality in the Mackenzie river-great bear. Proceeding of the 29th Annual Aquatic Toxicity Workshop. Whistler, B.C., Canada.
  15. Munna, G.M., M.M.I. Chowdhury, A.A.M. Ahmed, S. Chowdhury and M.M. Alom, 2013. A Canadian water quality guideline-water quality index (CCME-WQI) based assessment study of water quality in Surma river. J. Civil Eng. Constr. Technol., 4(3): 81-89.
  16. Sharifi, M., 1990. Assessment of surface water quality by an index system in Anzali Basin. Proceeding of the Beijing Symposium of Hydrological Basis for Water Resources Management. IAHS Publication, 197: 163-17l.
  17. Yisa, J. and T. Jimoh, 2010. Analytical studies on water quality index of River Landzu. Am. J. Appl. Sci., 7(4): 453-458.
    CrossRef    
  18. Yisa, J., T.O. Jimoh and O.M. Oyibo, 2012. Underground water assessment using water quality index. Leonardo J. Sci., 21: 33-42.

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.

ISSN (Online):  2040-7467
ISSN (Print):   2040-7459
Submit Manuscript
   Information
   Sales & Services
Home   |  Contact us   |  About us   |  Privacy Policy
Copyright © 2024. MAXWELL Scientific Publication Corp., All rights reserved