Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
The Emergence of the Residential Gated Communities in Jordan
1Dr. Omar Mustafa Al Omari and 2Dr. Khaled Al Omari
1Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Zarqa University, P.O. Box: 132222, Zarqa,
2Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 2015 3:293-298
Received: January ‎19, ‎2015 | Accepted: February ‎22, ‎2015 | Published: September 25, 2015
Abstract
Gated Residential communities (GRC) are emerging style in several cities in the Middle East since 1990. The goal of this study is to analyze the styles of GRC's and the locations of their growth in Jordan. The study is based on information gathered from several newly built GRCs. Physical properties of GRCs are studied in details. The trends of developed GRCs show three major types. (i) Horizontal gated developments/gated villa towns, (ii) vertical gated developments and (iii) mixed type gated developments/gated towns. The results of our study demonstrate that gated communities have emerged in Jordan cities on peripheries and new suburbs. As lands on the GRC's out-skirts are suitable for large-volume housing outside the city, their proximity to metropolitan facilities and finally their prices make them suitable if not the best locations. Meanwhile, the expansion of gated communities puts pressure on natural environment.
Keywords:
Amman, gated communities, Jordan, types of gated communities,
References
-
Blakely, E.J. and M.G. Snyder, 1997. Fortress America, Gated Communities in the United States. Brookings Institution Press/Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Washington, DC/Cambridge, MA.
PMCid:PMC179657 -
Burke, M., 2001. The Pedestrian Behaviour of Residents in Gated Communities. Walking the 21st Century., Perth, Australia, 20-22 Février 2001, pp: 139-150.
- Cooper, M.C., 1975. Easter-Hill Village-some Social Implications for Design. The Pros Pres, New York.
-
Coy, P. and M. Pöhler, 2002. Gated communities in Latin American megacities: Case studies in Brazil and Argentina. Environ. Plann. B, 29: 355-370.
CrossRef
- Grant, J. and L. Mittelsteadt, 2004. Types of gated communities. Environ. Plann. B, 31: 913-930.
CrossRef
- Grant, J., 2007. An American effect: Contextualizing gated communities in Canadian planning practice. Can. J. Urban Res., 16(1): 1-19.
- Lacour-Little, M. and S. Malpezzi, 2001. Gated communities and property values. Research Report, Wells Fargo Home Mortgage and Department of Real Estate and Urban Land Economics-University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
-
Landman, K., 2007. Urban Transformation and gated communities: A framework to map the (re)production of urban space and its impact on urban governance in South Africa. Proceeding of International Conférence on Private Urban Governance and Gated Communities, Paris.
- Leisch, H., 2002. Gated communities in Indonesia. Cities, 19(5): 341-350.
CrossRef
- Low, S., 2004. Behinds the Gates: Life, Security and the Pursuits of Happiness in Fortress America. Routledge, London, UK.
-
Luymes, D., 1997. The fortification of Suburbia: Investigating the rise of enclave communities. Landscape Urban Plan., 39: 187-203.
CrossRef
- Maslow, A.H., 1943. A theory of human motivation. Psychol. Rev., 50(4): 370-396.
CrossRef
- MIVT (Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech), 2005. A First Look at the Census: Gated Community Data Examines the Differences among Different Types of Gated Communiâtes. Retrieved from: http://www.planetizen.com/node/15617. (Accessed on: February 23, 2005).
Direct Link
-
Mumford, L., 1961. The City in History. Harcourt, Brace and World, New York.
PMCid:PMC406216
- Roitman, S., 2008. Urban social group segregation: A gated community in Mendoza, Argentina. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Development Planning Unit, University College London, UK.
- Salama, S., 2009. Gated Communities. Al-Ahram Weekly. Retriever from: http://weekly.ahram.org. eg/2007/857/op4.htm (Accessed on: May 2009).
Direct Link
-
Shah, S., 2006. Motivation, governance and the viability of hybrid forms in open source software development. Manage. Sci., 52(7): 1000-1014.
CrossRef
- Veblen, T., 2007. The Theory of the Leisure Class. Oxford University Press, USA.
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
|
|
|
ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
|
Information |
|
|
|
Sales & Services |
|
|
|