Abstract

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NWPT) has been successfully used in treating acute and chronic wound by promoting wound healing. Many medical techniques like NPWT are available in this world but not approachable for many patients due to high in cost and lack of devices. In order for most of the patients accessible to NPWT, an inexpensive NPWT system is explored in this study. Aim of this work is to design a prototype of NPWT system that can generate negative pressure and the negative pressure can be regulated within the range. A NPWT system consists of vacuum pump, drainage tube, wound dressing, fluid collecting canister and adhesive film dressing. In this study, a miniature vacuum pump, canister and Arduino microcontroller were used in order to build up a functional NPWT system. The system has been designed to supply negative pressure from 0 mmHg to 200mmHg and negative pressure which can be controlled. To sum up, this system is able to function according to the require specification and suitable for home healthcare wound healing device with safety precaution implement and system stabilization is improved in future.

Keywords:

Chronic wound, feedback system, microcontroller, negative pressure wound therapy, vacuum pump,

References

1. Altman, A.D., G. Nelson, J. Nation, P. Chu and P. Ghatage, 2011. Vacuum assisted wound closures in gynaecologic surgery. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can., 33(10): 1031-1037.
   CrossRef    
2. Baharestani, M.M. and A. Gabriel, 2011. Use of negative pressure wound therapy in the management of infected abdominal wounds containing mesh: An analysis of outcomes. Int. Wound J., 8(2): 118-125.
   CrossRef    PMid:21176107    
3. Bollero, D., R. Carnino, D. Risso, E.N. Gangemi and M. Stella, 2007. Acute complex traumas of the lower limbs: A modern reconstructive approach with negative pressure therapy. Wound Repair Regen., 15(4): 589-594.
   CrossRef    PMid:17650104    
4. Borgquist, O., R. Ingemansson and M. Malmsjö, 2010. The effect of intermittent and variable negative pressure wound therapy on wound edge microvascular blood flow. Ostomy Wound Manag., 56(3): 60-67.
   PMid:20368675    
5. Cao, H., M. Han, X. Li, S. Dong, Y. Shang, Q. Wang, S. Xu and J. Liu, 2010. Clinical research evidence of cupping therapy in China: A systematic literature review. BMC Complem. Altern. M., 10: 70.
   CrossRef    PMid:21078197 PMCid:PMC3000376    
6. Chariker, M.E., K.F. Jeter, T.E. Tintle and J.E. Bottsford, 1989. Effective management of incisional and cutaneous fistulae with closed suction wound drainage. Contemp. Surg., 34: 59-63.
   
7. Chirali, I.Z., 1999. The Cupping Procedure. In: Chirali, I.Z., (Ed.), Traditional Chinese Medicine Cupping Therapy. Churchill Livingstone, London, 3.
   
8. Fleischmann, W., E. Lang and L. Kinzl, 1996. Vacuum assisted wound closure after dermatofasciotomy of the lower extremity. Unfallchiirurg, 99(4): 283-287.
   Direct Link
9. Gutierrez, I.M. and G. Gollin, 2012. Negative pressure wound therapy for children with an open abdomen. Langenbecks Arch. Surg., 397(8): 1357-1357.
   CrossRef    PMid:22382700    
10. Kaplan, M., D. Daly and S. Stemkowski, 2009. Early intervention of negative pressure wound therapy using vacuum-assisted closure in trauma patients: Impact on hospital length of stay and cost. Adv. Skin Wound Care, 22(3): 128-132.
    CrossRef    PMid:19247014    
11. Lizarov, G.A., 1989. The tension-stress effect on the genesis and growth of tissues: Part II. The influence of the rate and frequency of distraction. Clin. Orthop. Relat. R., 239: 263-285.
    Direct Link
12. Malmsjö, M., L. Gustafsson, S. Lindstedt, B. Gesslein and R. Ingemansson, 2012. The effects of variable, intermittent, and continuous negative pressure wound therapy, using foam or gauze, on wound contraction, granulation tissue formation, and ingrowth into the wound filler. Eplasty, 12: e5.
    PMid:22292101 PMCid:PMC3266212    
13. Meyer, W., V. Schmieden and A.K.G. Bier, 1908. Bier's Hyperemic Treatment in Surgery. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia and London.
    
14. Morykwas, M.J., L.C. Argenta, E.I. Shelton-Brown and W. McGuirt, 1997. Vacuum-assisted closure: A new method for wound control and treatment: animal studies and basic foundation. Ann. Plast. Surg., 38(6): 553-562.
    CrossRef    PMid:9188970    
15. Morykwas, M.J., B.J. Faler, D.J. Pearce and L.C. Argenta, 2001. Effects of varying levels of subatmospheric pressure on the rate of granulation tissue formation in experimental wounds in swine. Ann. Plast Surg., 47(5): 547-551.
    CrossRef    PMid:11716268    
16. Scherer, L.A., S. Shiver, M. Chang, J.W. Meredith and J.T. Owings, 2002. The vacuum assisted closure device: A method of securing skin grafts and improving graft survival. Arch Surg., 137(8): 930-933; Discussion 933-934.
    CrossRef    PMid:12146992    
17. Sjögren, J., R. Gustafsson, J. Nilsson, M. Malmsjö and R. Ingemansson, 2005. Clinical outcome after poststernotomy mediastinitis: Vacuum-assisted closure versus conventional treatment. Ann. Thorac. Surg., 79(6): 2049-2055.
    CrossRef    PMid:15919308    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.