Abstract

In this study, we show that high-speed IEEE 802.11n wireless ad hoc networks suffer from loss of efficiency at network layer. Through extensive simulations, we find the problems of unfairness among traffic flows, packet drops, increased delay and decreased throughput in these networks. We believe the root cause of these problems is RTS Threshold implying that setting an appropriate threshold value can solve most of the problems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that finds this problem and to solve it, we propose an analytical model by which the RTS threshold is set. The simulation shows that this setting can improve the efficiency of IEEE 802.11n networks up to 25% in terms of throughput.

Keywords:

Ad hoc networks, efficiency, IEEE 802.11n, routing, threshold,

References

1. Perkins, C.E. and E.M. Royer, 1999. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing. Proceeding of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, New Orleans, LA, pp: 90-100.
   CrossRef    
2. Acharya, P.A.K., A. Sharma, E.M. Belding, K.C. Almeroth and K. Papagiannaki, 2008. Congestion-aware rate adaptation in wireless networks: A measurement-driven approach. Proceeding of the 5th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON'08).
   CrossRef    
3. Aghayi, N., 2016. Revenue efficiency measurement with undesirable data in fuzzy DEA. Proceeding of the 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS), pp: 109-113.
   CrossRef    
4. Aghayi, N., 2017. Cost efficiency measurement with fuzzy data in DEA. J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst., 32(1): 409-420.
   CrossRef    
5. Aghayi, N. and B. Maleki, 2016. Efficiency measurement of DMUs with undesirable outputs under uncertainty based on the directional distance function: Application on bank industry. Energy, 112: 376-387.
   CrossRef    
6. Aghayi, N. and Z. Ghelejbeigi, 2016. Improving cost efficiency by resource allocation. Far East J. Math. Sci., 99(11): 1633-1643.
   CrossRef    
7. Aghayi, N., M. Tavana and M.A. Raayatpanah, 2016. Robust efficiency measurement with common set of weights under varying degrees of conservatism and data uncertainty. Eur. J. Ind. Eng., 10(3): 385-405.
   CrossRef    
8. Bahrami, M. and M. Effatparvar, 2017. A novel thermal aware routing algorithms for body sensor network. CiiT Int. J. Network. Commun. Eng., 9(4): 81-85.
   Direct Link
9. Banchs, A. and L. Vollero, 2006. Throughput analysis and optimal configuration of 802.11e EDCA. Computer Networks, 50(11): 1749-1768.
   CrossRef    
10. Bianchi, G., 2000. Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function. IEEE J. Sel. Area. Comm., 18(3): 535-547.
    CrossRef    
11. Effatparvar, M. and M.S. Garshasbi, 2014. A genetic algorithm for static load balancing in parallel heterogeneous systems. Procedia-Soc. Behav. Sci., 129: 358-364.
    CrossRef    
12. Effatparvar, M., M. Dehghan and A.M. Rahmani, 2016. A comprehensive survey of energy-aware routing protocols in wireless body area sensor networks. J. Med. Syst., 40(9): 201.
    CrossRef    PMid:27468842    
13. Effatparvar, M., M. Dehghan and A.M. Rahmani, 2017. Lifetime maximization in wireless body area sensor networks. Biomed. Res., 28(22).
    
14. EffatParvar, M., M. Effatparvar, A. Bemana and M. Dehghan, 2007. Determining a central controlling processor with fault tolerant method in distributed system. Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Information Technology (ITNG'07), pp: 658-663.
    CrossRef    
15. Fazelpour, M., P. Shankar and J.D. Summers, 2016. Developing design guidelines for meso-scaled periodic cellular material structures under shear loading. Proceeding of the ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, pp: 7.
    CrossRef    
16. Frohn, S., S. Gubner and C. Lindemann, 2010. Analyzing the effective throughput in multi-hop IEEE 802.11n networks. Comput. Commun., 34(16): 1912-1921.
    CrossRef    
17. Garshasbi, M.S. and M. Effatparvar, 2013. High performance scheduling in parallel heterogeneous multiprocessor systems using evolutionary algorithms. I. J. Int. Intell. Syst. Appl., 5(11): 89-95.
    CrossRef    
18. Karlsson, J., A. Kassler and A. Brunstrom, 2009. Impact of packet aggregation on TCP performance in wireless mesh networks. Proceeding of the 5th IEEE WoWMoM Workshop on Hot Topics in Mesh Networking (HotMESH'09), pp: 1-7.
    CrossRef    PMCid:PMC2852749    
19. Kim, W., H.K. Wright and S.M. Nettles, 2008. Improving the performance of multi-hop wireless networks using frame aggregation and broadcast for TCP ACKs. Proceeding of the ACM CoNEXT, Madrid, Spain.
    CrossRef    
20. Li, T., Q. Ni, D. Malone, D. Leith, Y. Xiao and T. Turletti, 2009. Aggregation with fragment retransmission for very high-speed WLANs. IEEE/ACM T. Networking, 17(2): 591-604.
    CrossRef    
21. Lin, Y. and V.W.S. Wong, 2006. WSN01-1: Frame aggregation and optimal frame size adaptation for IEEE 802.11n WLANs. IEEE Globecom, pp: 1-6.
    CrossRef    
22. Molaiy, S. and M. Effatparvar, 2014. Scheduling in grid systems using ant colony algorithm. Int. J. Comput. Network Inform. Secur., 6(2): 16-22.
    CrossRef    
23. Rostamy, M.M. and N. Aghayi, 2011. Measuring overall profit efficiency with fuzzy data. J. Math. Extens., 5(2): 73-90.
    Direct Link
24. Saffar Ardabili, J., N. Aghayi and A. Monzali, 2007. New efficiency using undesirable factors of data envelopment analysis. Adv. Model. Optimiz., 9(2): 249-255.
    
25. Salehpour, S. and N. Aghayi, 2015. The most revenue efficiency with price uncertainty. Int. J. Data Envelop. Anal., 3(1): 575-592.
    Direct Link
26. Shankar, P., M. Fazelpour and J.D. Summers, 2015. Comparative study of optimization techniques in sizing mesostructures for use in nonpneumatic tires. J. Comput. Inform. Sci. Eng., 15(4): 041009.
    CrossRef    
27. Shrivastava, V., S. Rayanchu, J. Yoonj and S. Banerjee, 2008. 802.11n under the microscope. Proceeding of the 8th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet measurement (IMC'08), pp: 105-110.
    CrossRef    
28. Tinnirello, I., Ch Sunghyun and K. Youngsoo, 2005. Revisit of RTS/CTS exchange in high-speed IEEE 802.11 networks. Proceeding of the 6th IEEE International Symposium WoWMoM'05, pp: 240-248.
    Direct Link
29. Wang, C.Y. and H.Y. Wei, 2009. IEEE 802.11n MAC enhancement and performance evaluation. Mob. Networks Appl., 14(6): 760-771.
    CrossRef    
30. Yoder, M., Z. Satterfield, M. Fazelpour, J.D. Summers and G. Fadel, 2015. Numerical Methods for the design of meso-structures: A comparative review. Proceeding of the ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, pp: V02BT03A003-V02BT03A003.
    Direct Link

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.