Abstract

The statistics of sports arena accidents show that the main reasons which leading to crowd stampede are the exports blockage and the poor surrounding transportations. In the process of evacuation, the most common problem is that there are a large number of people are stranded and also they are the main carrier which leading to crowded stampede. With large amounts of data and reasonable evaluations on staffs and transportation instruments. We propose inflow model in the crowding state, principle of maximum flow on channel design, optimal model of vehicle parking, evacuation model of subways and buses, according to sections of evacuation in stadiums. We analyze their usage area, marginal conditions and real data. Finally, we get some valuable results, which are curves of density and flow, evacuation time, formula for channel design, optimal parking design and formulas for evacuation time of subways and buses. Such data suits the real data from varied references. With the help of models and results, we get the total time of evacuation, simulation of progress and give parts of real situations of evacuation. According to such results, 100000 people’s evacuation can be finished in about 45 min. On such basis, we propose some optimal plans for stadium and its surroundings building.

Keywords:

Evacuation, large flow, mathematical model, stadium,

References

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

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Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.