Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Phytochemical Constituents and Effect on Haematological Parameters and Lipid Profile of Aqueous Extracts of Eugenia jambolana Leaves, Stem Bark and Root Bark in Normal Albino Rats
1O.A. Owolabi, 1D.B. James, 1E.B. Adejor, 1N.Q. Nwaozuzu, 1T. Oloba and 2C.D. Luca
1Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru Zaria, Nigeria
2Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos, Nigeria
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 2013 10:1846-1850
Received: November 19, 2012 | Accepted: January 14, 2013 | Published: July 20, 2013
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of Eugenia jambolana on haematological parameters and lipid profile being a commonly used plant in Nigerian folklore medicine. Aqueous extracts of the leaves, stem bark and root bark of Eugenia jambolana were screened for phytochemicals and its effect on haematological parameters and lipid profile in normal albino rats were investigated. Twenty four Albino rats weighing between 150-200 kg body weights were divided into four groups of six rats each. Group 1 served as control while groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered (50 mg/kg body weight) of leaves, stem bark and root bark respectively for 21 days. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, tannins and carbohydrates and quantitative analysis by gravimetric method showed significantly (p<0.5) higher levels of saponins and alkaloids in the aqueous extracts of leaves and root bark respectively. The aqueous extracts (leaves, stem bark and root bark) had no significant (p>0.05) effect on haematological parameters. Aqueous extracts of the root bark significantly (p<0.5) increased TC, TG and LDL-c levels and the stem bark extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced HDL-c compared to the control. All three aqueous extracts significantly (p<0.05) lowered HDL-c/TC ratio, the root bark significantly (p<0.05) increased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio and both aqueous extracts of stem bark and root bark significantly (p<0.05) increased log (TG/HDL-c) of treated groups when compared to control.
Keywords:
Albino rats, atherogenic factors, Eugenia jambolana, Haematological, lipid profile,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
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