Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Optimization of Color Pigments Removal from Palm Oil by Activated Ukpor Clay Using Response Surface Methodology
R.O. Ajemba, P.K. Igbokwe and O.D. Onukwuli
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 2013 3:423-432
Received: August 04, 2012 | Accepted: September 12, 2012 | Published: June 15, 2013
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the optimum operating process parameters during the adsorption of color pigments from palm oil onto activated Ukpor clay using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The clay was activated using sulphuric acid solution. The process parameters investigated include; temperature, time, adsorbent dosage, adsorbent/oil ratio and stirring speed. The results showed that the bleaching efficiency was significantly affected by the linear, quadratic and some of the interaction terms. The optimum conditions derived via RSM were: temperature- 152.73°C; time- 2.60 h; adsorbent dosage- 6.09 g; adsorbent/oil ratio- 0.05g/mL; stirring speed- 39.34rpm; and under these conditions the predicted bleaching efficiency was 82.67% which has good correlation with the experimental value of 82.25%. The high prognosis obtained in this study has shown that 5-level 5 factor fractional central composite design of the RSM is suitable for predicting the optimum adsorption conditions of color pigments from palm oil using activated Ukpor clay.
Keywords:
Adsorption, analysis of variance, activated clay, bleaching, color pigment, optimum condition, regression,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
|
|
![](http://www.maxwellsci.com/images/RJASET-maxw.jpg) |
ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
![Submit Manuscript](../images/sub.jpg) |
Information |
|
|
|
Sales & Services |
|
|
|