Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Dynamic Performance Evaluation of Decentralized Load Frequency Controllers for Interconnected Thermal Power System with Parallel AC-DC Tie-lines: A Comparative Study
S. Selvakumaran, V. Rajasekaran and R. Karthigaivel
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering and
Technology, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 2014 20:4264-4274
Received: December 18, 2013 | Accepted: December 27, 2013 | Published: May 20, 2014
Abstract
The main objective of Load Frequency Control (LFC) is to balance the total system generation against system load losses so that the desired frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are maintained. Any mismatch between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from its nominal value. Thus high frequency deviation may lead to system collapse. This necessitates a very fast and accurate controller to maintain the nominal system frequency. This study presents an analysis on dynamic performance of two-area thermal power system interconnected via parallel AC-DC tie-lines when subjected to load disturbances. The dc link is used as system interconnection in parallel with ac tie-line. The dc link is considered to be operating in constant current control mode and the power flow deviation through dc link is modeled based on frequency deviation at rectifier end. This study also deals with the application of various controllers namely Proportional plus Integral (PI) Controller, Dual Mode Controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) tuned PI Controller for load frequency control of an interconnected power system with AC-DC tie-lines. The above controllers are simulated using MATLAB and their performance is analyzed. Outcome of the analysis shows the superiority of PSO tuned PI Controller over the other control methods.
Keywords:
AC-DC tie-lines, dual mode controller, fuzzy logic controller, interconnected power system, load-frequency control, PI controller, PSO,
References
-
Adel, A., 2002. Adaptive Optimal gain scheduling for the load frequency control problem. Electr. Pow. Compo. Sys., 30(1): 45-56.
CrossRef
-
Brecur, G.D. and R.L. Hanth, 1988. HVDC's increasing popularity. IEEE Potentials, 7(2): 18-21.
CrossRef
-
Carpentier, J., 1985. To be or not to be modern' that is the question for automatic generation control (point of view of a utility engineers). Int. J. Elec. Power, 7(2): 81-91.
CrossRef
-
Chidambaram, I.A. and S. Velusami, 2005. Design of decentralized biased controllers load frequency control of interconnected power system. Electr. Pow. Compo. Sys., 33(12): 1313-1331.
CrossRef
-
Chidambaram, I.A. and S. Velusami, 2006. Design of decentralized biased dual mode controllers for load-frequency control of interconnected power systems. Electr. Pow. Compo. Sys., 34(10): 1057-1075.
CrossRef
-
Chidambaram, I.A. and S. Velusami, 2007. Decentralized biased dual mode controllers for load frequency control of interconnected power systems considering GDB and GRC non-linearities. Energ. Convers. Manage., 48(5): 1691-1702.
CrossRef
-
Clerc, M. and J. Kennedy, 2002. The particle swarm-explosion, stability and convergence in a multidimensional complex Space. IEEE T. Evolut. Comput., 6(1): 58-73.
CrossRef
-
Coello, C.A.C., G.T. Pulido and M.S. Lechuga, 2004. Handling multiple objectives with particle swarm optimization. IEEE T. Evolut. Comput., 8(3): 256-279.
CrossRef
-
Elgerd, O.E. and C.E. Fosha, 1970. Optimum megawatt-frequency control of multi area electric energy systems. IEEE T. Power Ap. Syst., 89(2): 556-563.
CrossRef
-
El-Sherbiny, M.K., G. El-Saady and A.M. Yousef, 2002. Efficient fuzzy logic load-frequency controller. Energ. Convers. Manage., 43(14): 1853-1863.
CrossRef
-
Gaing, Z.L., 2004. A particle swarm optimization approach for optimum design of PID controller in AVR system. IEEE T. Energy Conver., 19(2): 384-391.
CrossRef
-
Ganapathy, S. and S. Velusami, 2010. MOEA based design of decentralized controllers for LFC of interconnected power systems with nonlinearities, AC-DC parallel tie-lines and SMES units. Energ. Convers. Manage., 51(5): 873-880.
CrossRef
-
Kumar, P. and P. Ibraheem, 2004. Study of dynamic performance of power systems with asynchronous tie-lines considering parameter uncertainties. J. Inst. Eng. (India): Elect. Eng. Div., 85: 35-42.
-
Mathur, H.D. and S. Ghosh, 2006. A comprehensive analysis of intelligent controllers for load frequency control. Proceeding of IEEE Power India Conference. New Delhi, pp: 853-867.
CrossRef
-
Nasser, J. and L.S. Vanslcky, 1995. Tie line bias prioritized energy control. IEEE T. Power Syst., 10(1): 51-59.
CrossRef
-
Ogatta, K., 1970. Modern Control Engineering. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
-
Padiyar, K.R., 1990. HVDC Power Transmission System: Technology and System Interconnections. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
-
Ramar, K. and S. Velusami, 1989. Design of decentralized load-frequency controllers using pole placement technique. Electr. Mach. Pow. Syst., 16(3): 193-207.
CrossRef
-
Shayeghi, H., A. Jalil and H.A. Shayanfar, 2008. Multi-stage fuzzy load frequency control using PSO. Energ. Convers. Manage., 49(10): 2570-2580.
CrossRef
-
Shayeghi, H., H.A. Shayanfar and A. Jalili, 2009a. Load frequency control strategies: A state of-the-art survey for the researcher. Energ. Convers. Manage. 50(2): 344-353.
CrossRef
-
Shayeghi, H., H.A. Shayanfar and A. Jalili, 2009b. LFC Design of a deregulated power system with TCPS using PSO. Int. J. Elec. Electron. Eng., 3: 10.
-
Sheikh, M.R.I., S.M. Muyeen, R. Takahashi and T. Murata, 2008. Improvement of load frequency control with fuzzy gain scheduled superconducting magnetic energy storage unit. Proceeding of 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM, 2008), pp: 1-6.
CrossRef
-
Talaq, J. and F. Al-Basri, 1999. Adaptive fuzzy gain scheduling for load frequency control. IEEE T. Power Syst., 14(1): 145-150.
CrossRef
-
Yeşil, E., M. Güzelkaya and I. Eksin, 2004. Self tuning fuzzy PID type load and frequency controller. Energ. Convers. Manage., 45(3): 377-390.
CrossRef
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
|
|
![](http://www.maxwellsci.com/images/RJASET-maxw.jpg) |
ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
![Submit Manuscript](../images/sub.jpg) |
Information |
|
|
|
Sales & Services |
|
|
|