Abstract

In this study, we propose two hybrids concatenated Super-Orthogonal Space-Time Trellis Codes (SOSTTC) applying iterative decoding in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) over frequency selective fading channels. The coding scheme is based on the concatenation of convolution coding, interleaving and space-time coding along multiple-transmitter/multiple-receiver diversity systems. The Pair wise Error Probability (PEP) for the two proposed concatenated schemes is derived and their performance is evaluated using computer simulation with Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) iterative decoding algorithm. Simulation results based on the iterative decoding process show a significant improvement in the achieved error rate performance of the concatenated scheme over existing concatenated designs.

Keywords:

Concatenated codes, frequency selective fading channels, iterative decoding, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing , space-time decoding,

References

1. Aksoy, K. and U. Aygolu, 2007. Super-orthogonal space-time frequency trellis coded OFDM. IET Commun., 1(3): 317-324.
   CrossRef    
2. Altunbas, I., 2007. Performance of serially concatenated coding schemes for MIMO systems. Int. J. Electron. Comm., 61: 1-9.
   CrossRef    
3. Altunbas, I. and A. Yongacoglu, 2003. Error performance of serially concatenated space-time coding. J. Commun. Netw., 3: 135-140.
   CrossRef    
4. Bale, M., B. Laska, D. Dunwell, F. Chan and H. Jafarkhani, 2007. Computer design of super-orthogonal space-time trellis code. IEEE T. Wirel. Commun., 6(2): 463-467.
   CrossRef    
5. Benedetto, S. and G. Montorsi, 1998. Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design and iterative decoding. IEEE T. Inform. Theor., 44(3): 909-926.
   CrossRef    
6. Benedetto, S., D. Divsalar, D. Montorsi and F. Pollara, 1997. A Soft-Input Soft-Output APP module for iterative decoding of concatenated codes. IEEE Commun. Lett., 1(1): 22-24.
   CrossRef    
7. Benedetto, S., D. Divsalar, D. Montorsi and F. Pollara, 1998. Analysis, design and iterative decoding of double serially concatenated codes with interleavers. IEEE J. Sel. Area. Comm., 16(2): 231-244.
   CrossRef    
8. Berrou, C., A. Glavieux and P. Thitimajshima, 1993. Near shannon limit error correcting coding and decoding: Turbo-codes. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC, 1993), 2: 1064-1070.
   
9. Birol, A. and Ü. Aygölü, 2008. Super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes for two transmit antennas in fast fading channel. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 21: 331-334.
   CrossRef    
10. Bon-Jin, K., C. Jong-Moon and K. Changeon, 2004. Analysis of serial and hybrid concatenated space-time codes applying iterative decoding. AEU-Int. J. Electron. Comm., 58(6): 420-423.
    
11. Byers, G.J. and F. Takawira, 2002. Double concatenated space-time trellis codes. Proceeding of IEEE AFRICON 6th Africon Conference in Africa, 1: 143-148.
    CrossRef    
12. Digital Land Mobile Radio Communications, 1989. Commission of the European Communities. COST 207, Luxembourg, Belgium.
    
13. Firmanto, W., Z. Chen, B. Vucetic and J. Yuag, 2002. Space-time turbo trellis coded modulation for wireless data communication. EURASIP J. Appl. Sig. P., 5: 459-470.
    CrossRef    
14. Foschini, G.J. and M.J. Gans, 1998. On limits of wireless communications in a fading environment when using multiple antennas. Wireless Pers. Commun., 6: 311-335.
    CrossRef    
15. Gong, Y. and K.B. Letaief, 2000. Analysis and design of trellis coded modulation with transmit diversity for wireless communications. Proceeding of IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference (WCNC, 2000), pp:1356-1361.
    CrossRef    
16. Gulati, V. and K.R. Narayanan, 2003. Concatenated codes for fading channels based on recursive space-time trellis codes. IEEE T. Wirel. Commun., 2(1): 118-128.
    CrossRef    
17. Hanzo, L., T.H. Liew and B.L. Yeap, 2002. Turbo Coding,Turbo Equalization and Space-time Codes for Transmission in Fading Channels. 1st Edn., John Wiley and Sons, Chichster, England.
    CrossRef    
18. Hartling, E.R., F. Chan and H. Jafarkhani, 2008. Design rules for extended super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes. Proceedings of Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE, 2008), pp: 621-626.
    CrossRef    
19. Hassan, E.S., X. Zhu, S.E. El-Khamy, M.I. Dessouky, S.A. El-Dolil and F.E. Abd El-Samie, 2011. Performance evaluation of OFDM and single-carrier systems using frequency domain equalization and phase modulation. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 24: 1-13.
    CrossRef    
20. Huang, X.L., G. Wang and F. Hu, 2011. Minimal Euclidean distance-inspired optimal and suboptimal modulation schemes for vector OFDM system. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 24: 553-567.
    CrossRef    
21. Jafarkhani, H., 2005. Space-time Coding: Theory and Practice. 1st Edn., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp: 152-167.
    CrossRef    
22. Jafarkhani, H. and N. Sashadri, 2003. Super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes. IEEE T. Inform. Theor., 49(4): 937-950.
    CrossRef    
23. Lin, X. and R.S. Blum, 2000, Improved space-time codes using serial concatenation. IEEE Commun. Lett., 4(7): 221-223.
    CrossRef    
24. Lin, X. and R.S. Blum, 2001. Guideline for serially concatenated space-time code design in flat Rayleigh fading channels. Proceeding of IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, pp: 247-250.
    
25. Oluwafemi, I.B. and S.H. Mneney, 2013. Improved super-orthogonal space-time trellis coded MIMO-OFDM system. IETE J. Res., 59(6): 665-671.
    CrossRef    
26. Patcharamaneepakor, P., R. Rajathera and K. Ahmed, 2003. Performance analysis of serial concatenated space-time code in OFDM over frequency selective channel. Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC, 2003), pp: 746-750.
    CrossRef    
27. Pillai, J.N. and S.H. Mneney, 2006. Turbo decoding of super orthogonal space-time trellis codes in fading channels. Wireless Pers. Commun., 37: 371-385.
    CrossRef    
28. Shaowei, W., H. Fangjiang, Y. Mindi and D. Sidan, 2012. Resource allocation for multiuser cognitive OFDM networks with proportional rate constraints. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 25: 254-269.
    CrossRef    
29. Shu-Ming, T. and H. Yu-Shun, 2011. A novel ICI self-cancellation scheme for OFDM systems. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 24: 1496-1505.
    CrossRef    
30. Siwamogsatham, S. and P. Fitz, 2002. Improved high-rate space-time codes via concatenation of expanded orthogonal block code and M-TCM. Proceeding of IEEE International Conference on Communication (ICC, 2002), pp: 636-640.
    CrossRef    
31. Sokoya, O. and B.T. Maharaj, 2008. Performance of space time coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing schemes with delay spreads. Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Mediterranean IEEE Electrotechnical Conference (MELECON, 2008), pp: 198-203.
    CrossRef    
32. Sokoya, O. and B.T. Maharaj, 2010. Super-orthogonal block code with channel equalization and OFDM in frequency selective fading. EURASIP J. Wirel. Comm., Article ID 10.1155:153846.
    
33. Su, H.J. and E. Geraniotis, 2002. Space-time turbo codes with full antenna diversity. IEEE T. Commun., 49(1): 47-57.
    
34. Tarokh, V., N. Seshadri and A.R. Calderbank, 1998. Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication: Performance criterion and code construction. IEEE T. Inform. Theor., 44: 744-765.
    CrossRef    
35. Telatar, E., 1999. Capacity of multi-antenna gaussian channels. Eur. T. Telecommun., 10(6): 585-595.
    CrossRef    
36. Tujkovic, D., 2000a. Recursive space-time trellis codes for turbo coded modulation. Proceedings of IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM, 2000), pp: 1010-1015.
    CrossRef    
37. Tujkovic, D., 2000b. Space-time turbo coded modulation. Proceedings of Finish Wireless Communication Workshop (FWCW, 2000), pp: 85-89.
    
38. Yu, J.L., C.H. Wu and M.F. Lee, 2012. MC-CDMA MIMO systems with quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes: Channel estimation and multiuser detection. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 25: 294-313.
    CrossRef    

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.