Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
GPS Jamming: Strengthening Anti Jam GPS System with Adaptive Phase Only Nulling Using Cuckoo Search
V. Thyagarajan and S. Kaja Mohideen
BSA University, Chennai, India
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 2014 5:679-686
Received: May ‎31, ‎2014 | Accepted: June ‎20, ‎2014 | Published: August 05, 2014
Abstract
Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are spread spectrum, modulated with very low average power caused by background noise. Signal received is mostly 165 dB down than thermal noise level. Such signals are easily jammed either through intentional noise sources (jammer) or unintentionally from broadcasting stations harmonics or other out of band sources. This study proposes to reveal how a nulling antenna with adaptive spatial filtering technique can efficiently mitigate intentional and non-intentional interference. A beam forming antenna array is an antennas set whose outputs are weighted by complex values and combined form array output. The complex valued weights effect is to steer the array pattern’s main lobes to desired directions which may be unknown and hence antenna weights are adjusted adaptively till some array performance measure is improved, revealing proper lobe or null placement. This study proposes a Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm based new optimization method for multiple interference cancellation design that increases gain to desired signal and improves jamming rejection performance.
Keywords:
Anti-jamming , Cuckoo Search (CS) , Global Positioning System (GPS), jamming , null steering,
References
-
Blewitt, G., 1997. Basics of the GPS Technique: Observation Equations. In: Johnson, B. (Ed.), Geodetic Applications of GPS. Nordic Geodetic Commission, Sweden, pp: 10-54.
-
Chaker, H., 2014. Null steering and multi-beams design by complex weight of antennas array with the use of APSO-GA. WSEAS T. Commun., 13: 99-108.
-
Civicioglu, P. and E. Besdok, 2013. A conceptual comparison of the Cuckoo-search, particle swarm optimization, differential evolution and artificial bee colony algorithms. Artif. Intell. Rev., 39(4): 315-346.
CrossRef -
Dana, P.H., 1997. Global Positioning System (GPS) time dissemination for real-time applications. Real-Time Syst., 12(1): 9-40.
CrossRef -
Debbat, F. and F.T. Bendimerad, 2012. Radiation pattern optimization by apicalis ant algorithm for smart Array antennas. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., 3(11).
-
Guney, K. and M. Onay, 2007. Amplitude-only pattern nulling of linear antenna arrays with the use of bees algorithm. Prog. Electromagn. Res., 70: 21-36.
CrossRef -
Haupt, R.L., 1997. Phase-only adaptive nulling with a genetic algorithm. IEEE T. Antenn. Propag., 45(6): 1009-1015.
CrossRef -
Hsu, C.H., W.J. Shyr and K.H. Kuo, 2010. Optimizing multiple interference cancellations of linear phase array based on particle swarm optimization. J. Inform. Hiding Multimed. Signal Process., 1(4).
-
Kandangath, A., 2003. Jamming mitigation techniques for spread spectrum communication systems. Proceeding of the EEE 598A: Signal Processing for Wireless Communications, pp: 1-13.
-
Kaveh, A., T. Bakhshpoori and M. Ashoory, 2012. An efficient optimization procedure based on cuckoo search algorithm for practical design of steel structures. Iran Univ., Sci. Technol., 2(1): 1-14.
-
Kundu, A. and S. Ghosh, 2008. Development of smart antenna array signal processing algorithm for anti-jam GPS receiver. Proceeding of the Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium. Hangzhou, China, Session 1AP, pp: 125-131, March 24-28.
-
Mouhamadou, M., P. Vaudon and M. Rammal, 2006. Smart antenna array patterns synthesis: Null steering and multi-user beamforming by phase control. Prog. Electromagn. Res., 60: 95-106.
CrossRef -
Mukhopadhyay, M., B.K. Sarkar and A. Chakraborty, 2007. Augmentation of anti-jam GPS system using smart antenna with a simple DOA estimation algorithm. Prog. Electromagn. Res., 67: 231-249.
CrossRef -
Rash, G.D., 1997. GPS jamming in a laboratory environment. Technical Report, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWPNS)/China Lake, pp: 1-20.
-
Trinkle, M. and D. Gray, 2001. GPS interference mitigation; overview and experimental results. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Satellite Navigation Technology and Applications, pp: 1-14.
-
Yang, X.S. and S. Deb, 2009. Cuckoo search via Lévy flights. Proceedings of the World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC, 2009), pp: 210-214.
CrossRef -
Zhang, Y.D. and M.G. Amin, 2012. Anti-jamming GPS receiver with reduced phase distortions. IEEE Signal Proc. Let., 19(10): 635-638.
CrossRef -
Zheng, Y., 2008. Adaptive Antenna Array Processing for GPS Receivers.
Direct Link -
Zuniga, V., A.T. Erdogan and T. Arslan, 2010. Adaptive radiation pattern optimization for antenna arrays by phase perturbations using particle swarm optimization. Proceeding of the NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS, 2010), pp: 209-214.
CrossRef
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
|
|
![](http://www.maxwellsci.com/images/RJASET-maxw.jpg) |
ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
![Submit Manuscript](../images/sub.jpg) |
Information |
|
|
|
Sales & Services |
|
|
|