Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Analysis and Reliability Performance Comparison of Different Facial Image Features
1J. Madhavan and 2K. Porkumaran
1Department of ECE, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering, Hosur, India
2Dr. NGP Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 2014 18:1973-1979
Received: August 22, 2014 | Accepted: October 11, 2014 | Published: November 15, 2014
Abstract
This study performs reliability analysis on the different facial features with weighted retrieval accuracy on increasing facial database images. There are many methods analyzed in the existing papers with constant facial databases mentioned in the literature review. There were not much work carried out to study the performance in terms of reliability and also how the method will perform on increasing the size of the database. In this study certain feature extraction methods were analyzed on the regular performance measure and also the performance measures are modified to fit the real time requirements by giving weight ages for the closer matches. In this study four facial feature extraction methods are performed, they are DWT with PCA, LWT with PCA, HMM with SVD and Gabor wavelet with HMM. Reliability of these methods are analyzed and reported. Among all these methods Gabor wavelet with HMM gives more reliability than other three methods performed. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the proposed approach on the Olivetti Research Laboratory (ORL) face database.
Keywords:
DWT, gabor filter, HMM, LWT, PCA,
References
-
Calderbank, R., I. Daubechies, W. Sweldens and Y. Boon-Lock, 1998. Wavelet transform that map integers to integers. J. Appl. Comput. Harmonic Anal., 5(3): 332-369.
CrossRef -
Daubechies, I. and W. Sweldens, 1998. Factoring wavelet transforms into lifting steps. J. Fourier Anal. Appl., 4(3): 245-267.
CrossRef -
Kirby, M. and L. Sirovich, 1990. Application of the Karhunen-Loeve procedure for the characterization of human faces. IEEE T. Pattern Anal., 12: 103-108.
CrossRef -
Lades, M., J.C. Vorbruggen, J. Buhmann, J. Lange, C. Von der Malsurg, R.P. Wurtz and W. Konen, 2002. Distortion invariant object recognition in the dynamic link architecture. IEEE T. Comput., 42(3): 300-311.
CrossRef -
Liu, C., 2004. Gabor-based kernel PCA with fractional power polynomial models for face recognition. IEEE T. Pattern Anal., 26(5): 572-581.
CrossRef PMid:15460279 -
Pentland, A., B. Moghaddam and T. Starner, 1994. View based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition. Proceeding of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. IEEE Computer Society, Seattle, WA, pp: 84-91.
CrossRef -
Rabiner, L., 1989. A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. P. IEEE, 77(2): 257-286.
CrossRef -
Wang, H., S. Yang and W. Liao, 2007. An improved PCA face recognition algorithm based on the discrete wavelet transform and the support vector machines. Proceeding of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security Workshops, pp: 308-311.
CrossRef -
Wong, C.F., J. Zhu, M.I. Vai, P.U. Mak and W. Ye, 2005. Face retrieval with relevance feedback using lifting wavelets features. Appl. Num. Harm. Anal., 2007: 477-487.
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
|
|
![](http://www.maxwellsci.com/images/RJASET-maxw.jpg) |
ISSN (Online): 2040-7467
ISSN (Print): 2040-7459 |
![Submit Manuscript](../images/sub.jpg) |
Information |
|
|
|
Sales & Services |
|
|
|