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     Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences


Spatio-Temporal Assessment and Water Quality Characteristics of Lake Tiga, Kano, Nigeria

1E. O. Akindele, 2I.F. Adeniyi and 3I.I. Indabawa
1Department of Biological Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
2Department of Zoology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
3Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences  2013  2:67-77
http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjees.5.5640  |  © The Author(s) 2013
Received: October 12, 2012  |  Accepted: December 06, 2012  |  Published: February 20, 2013

Abstract

The physico-chemical water quality of Lake Tiga was monitored over a two-year period (March 2009-March 2011) in order to bridge the information gap on its limnology and assess its physico-chemical condition. Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) saturation and organic matter were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the rainy season than in the dry season, while pH and Biological Oxygen Demand were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the dry season than in the rainy season. Apparent colour, Total Solids (TS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), $K^+, \>Cl^-$, total acidity, total hardness, $NO_3^-$ and $PO_4^{3-}$ decreased (p<0.05) from the riverine section towards the dam site, while water transparency, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), $SO_4^{2-}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ showed an increase (p<0.05) from the riverine section towards the dam site. Apparent colour, TS, TSS, total acidity, total hardness, $Ca^{2+}, NO_3^-$ and $PO_4^{3-}$ increased (p<0.05) from the surface down to the bottom, while pH, $Mg^{2+}$ and DO decreased (p<0.05) from the surface down to the bottom at the lacustrine section of the lake. Cluster analysis of the parameters showed major clusters between the major ions $(Ca^{2+}, \>Na^+, \>K^-, \>Cl^{2+}, \>HCO_3^-)$ and the general chemical characteristics (TDS, alkalinity, conductivity, acidity and hardness) and also between the nutrient compounds (Organic matter, $NO_3^-$ and $PO_4^{3-}$) and the hydro-physical parameters (TS, TSS, apparent colour, true colour and turbidity). The water quality indices and sodium absorption ratio values in the sampled stations indicated that the water is most suitable for probable applications at the lacustrine section, towards the dam site.

Keywords:

Dam site , lacustrine, limnology, riverine, season, water quality,


References


Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests.

Open Access Policy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Copyright

The authors have no competing interests.

ISSN (Online):  2041-0492
ISSN (Print):   2041-0484
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