Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Isolation and Identification of Fungi from Spices and Medicinal Plants
Farid M. Toma and Nareen Q. Faqi Abdulla
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Iraq
Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 2013 3:131-138
Received: November 29, 2012 | Accepted: January 05, 2013 | Published: March 20, 2013
Abstract
This investigation was designed to throw light on the microbial status of some crude herbal materials. A total of 16 samples, representing different types of spices and medicinal plants were collected from common market in the Erbil city. Ten different fungal genera and 16 species were isolated and identified as Alternaria alternata , Aspergillus spp., Gliocladium sp., Hyalodendron diddeus , Memmoniella sp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Syncephalastrum sp., Cladosporium lignicolum and Ulocladium botrytis . The total number of isolated fungi from the all sixteen selected samples was serially diluted and plated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium was (203×103) cfu/g. samples. Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. were more frequently detected, while Stachybotrys sp., Syncephalastrum racemocum, Uocladium botrytis, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium lignicolum and Gliocladium catenulatum were less frequently detected. Detection of mycotoxin on Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphincol agar (DRBC) for fungi isolated from spices and medicinal plant samples, A. flavus, A. Niger and A. ochraceous show positive results on the culture for mycotoxin production. Estimation of natural occurrence of Aflatoxin (AT) and Ochratoxin (OT) in some selected dried samples by using ELISA method, the high result of aflatoxin and ochratoxin show in Red tea (150.5, 387.3) ppb while the low result of aflatoxin and ochratoxin show in Garlic (1.4, 0) ppb respectively.
Keywords:
Aflatoxin, ELISA, fungi, medicinal plants, ochratoxin, Penicillium spp, spices,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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