Research Article | OPEN ACCESS
Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Water from Desert Locust Area in Burkina Faso
1, 2Sylvain Ilboudo, 2Adama Makoum Toe, 1, 2Richard Ouedraogo, 1, 3Moustapha Ouedraogo and 1, 2Innocent Pierre Guissou
1Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Environnement et Santé/Ecole Doctorale de la Santé; Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
2Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST), 03 BP 7192 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
3Laboratore de Toxicologie, de Contrôle de l’Environnement et d’Hygiène Publique du Laboratoire National de Santé Publique (LNSP), 09 BP 24 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso
Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 2014 4:227-232
Received: January 23, 2014 | Accepted: February 06, 2014 | Published: April 20, 2014
Abstract
Locust control requires sometimes an important use of pesticides in infested area with concomitant environment contaminations. Using the Gas Chromatography (GC) technical, pesticide residues were determined in water samples collected from locust outbreak areas of Burkina Faso, West Africa. The risk quotient method coupled with probabilistic risk assessment model was used for ecological risk assessment of pesticide detected in water. For ten pesticides belonging to Organophosphates, Pyrethroid and Phenylpyrazole chemical class, only diazinon was detected in water samples from all sites with content ranging from 2.02 to 2.21 μg/L. The presence of pesticide residues seem to be linked to specific agropedoclimatic conditions of study area. Results of risk assessment show that diazinon level in water generates a risk for considered groups of aquatic organisms following this decreasing order: Aquatic invertebrates > Crustacean > Fish > Algae. This risk is particularly important if only most sensible group of organisms is taken account or if probabilistic risk assessment is applied. The findings suggest that pesticides in locust control generate a potential hazard for aquatic organisms. Cautious or restrictive use of these agrochemicals in the Sahelian context is recommended. Moreover, Ecological risk assessment approach that we applied can provide more information for risk managers and decision makers.
Keywords:
Burkina faso, ecological risk assessment, locust control, pesticide residues, water contamination,
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests.
Open Access Policy
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Copyright
The authors have no competing interests.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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